Turn - The Butterfly Effect , crocodiles and other

Butterfly Effect, crocodiles rule Rosenthal. . . . . .


Butterfly Effect: 70s of last century, a U.S. meteorologist named Lorenz system theory in the interpretation of the air, said that the Amazon rain forest a butterfly wing vibration occasionally, perhaps two weeks will cause the United States, Texas a tornado.
the butterfly effect is that the very small changes in initial conditions continued to distend after its future status will cause a very great difference. Some small things can be confusing, and some small things, such as amplified by the system, then an organization, a country is very important to not confused.

crocodile rule:
its intention is imagined that a crocodile bite your feet, if you hand to attempt to break your foot, while crocodile will bite your feet and hands. The more you skirmish, the more to be bitten. In the event crocodile bite your feet, your only way is to mash one foot.
example, in the stock market, crocodiles rule is: while you detect yourself trading in the instruction away from the market, have to swiftly stop, without anyone postpone and shall no have anybody luck.

Catfish Effect:
ago, sardines, low survival rate during transmission. After it was found that, if put a catfish in the sardines, the situation is somewhat improved, the survival rate will be greatly enhanced. This is why it?

Had catfish in to a strange environment, will be ; and sardines found in more than a This problem is solved hypoxia sardines, and sardines, will not dead.

Herding:
sheep where to go, where to go behind the sheep to follow.
herding stock investment was premier a term mainly refers to the investors in the transaction process in learning and ######## phenomenon, the same stock.

hedgehog rules:
two slumberous hedgehog, as chilly and owned together. May be because their body is long with spines, so they left some distance, but can not stand the cold, then get together. After a frustrating, two hedgehogs has finally found a appropriate distance: both with each other to obtain the other's warm and was not subject to bar.
hedgehog law mainly refers to interpersonal relationships in the
Watch Law:
watch Law refers to a person with a table, you can know what time it is, and when he has two not being able to determine. Two tables and can not tell a person more accurate time, so they will watch the people lose confidence in accurate time.
see law in affair management gives us a very intuitive inspiration, is the same person or an organization can not be accustom with two assorted methods, can not set two another goals, and even each individual can not be two people to simultaneously directive, or will the affair or private loss.

twenty-eight law (Pareto's law):
19 century early 20th century Italian economist Pareto that in any group of things, the most important and only a small portion of the about 20%, though the majority of the remaining 80%, but it is secondary. About 80% of social asset is concentrated in the hands of 20%, while 80% of people with only 20% of the social wealth. This statistical imbalance in the social, economy and life everywhere, this is the twenty-eight law.
twenty-eight rules tell us, do not average to examine, process and look at the problem, business and management to seize the vital few; to nail those who can provide a 80% profit, but only 20% of absolute key customers,Supras, to improve its services to achieve a multiplier effect; business governors to work seriously on the classification thinking,Kids' Supra Skytop Shoes, it is needful to solve the cardinal effort on key issues, converge on major projects.

Barrel Theory:
composed of a wooden barrel if the length of the lacking, then the pail of water is not determined Sheng was the longest piece of lumber, but it depends on the shortest piece of wood embark.

Matthew:
taken from him.

logic
imprison hanging bird cage in the chamber a beautiful place where the most famous, a few days, the owner will make one of the retinue two options: throw away the cage, or purchase a bird cage on the back. This is the cage logic. The process is uncomplicated, assume you are the owner of the chamber, at all times people entered the apartment and saw the cage, they can not help but ask you: kept a bird. Cage plausible reason is simple: most of the time people are taking the inertia of analytic. It can be seen in the life and work develop logical thinking how important it is.

broken skylight effect
psychology there is a phenomenon called the somehow been broken; a walls, if not cleansed some graffiti, and presently, the walls covered with a shambles on, unsightly things. A very clean place, people would be embarrassed taking out the trash, but once trash on the ground appears, people will not hesitate, and did not feel ashamed. It was very curious phenomenon.
psychologists is the bad in the end.
everything wrong, if not stop off by the beginning, the formation of culture, change can get rid of, as whether the rill bank, a small gap is not timely mend, dams can breakdown, causing the loss of millions of times.
disarray is actually the result of crime, New York City in the 80's when the rush is really everywhere, not to kill every day, great day to be scared of walking in the street. Not to mention the subway, car polluted, dirty sentence painted everywhere, on the subway, feel insecure. Although I have not been seized, but the professors have been in roomy daylight, struck a note Sap, blind, from the end of his research career, so I talk about Tiger color for many years, not solo to New York. New York city and the metropolis recently heaved a lot of reputation, so I am quite surprised that a city has been sinking, can flee from the die, and to move.
So when I went out to encounter, met a criminologist, one immediately to him for advice, the native New York City is the last book with the broken window effect in terms of methodology, first to improve the criminal surroundings in which people is not effortless crime-Hyde Budao slowly return to order.
Although this approximate was criticized as being slow, handcuffed in a row standing above the platform, open to the public declaration of commitment apt rectify ** and base quite telling.
police found that people do not really contrast the location in the wash and offense, too found that fare evasion grip rewarding, because each of those 7 had a fare evasion was wanted, there is an in twenty to carry weapons, so Police are willing to grab fare evasion very seriously, which makes criminals not fare evasion, did not challenge go out with weapons to avoid more damage than nice, runs the hazard. This New York City, from the smallest, the easiest area to proceed to damage the culprit interlock of (chain), so this vicious cycle can not continue.

Responsibility dispersion effect
1964 年 3 月 13 日夜 3 时 20 points outdoor of an suite in New York before a male labeled Juno younger than pearly women work in the family between the end of the bar the assassination of the road. When she cried out in despair: When anything is silence, the killer returned to commit a crime. When she exclaimed, the beside residents and the light alternate, the attackers then fled. When she has naught to do that, go back to their home upstairs, the killer another seemed before her, to kill her on the stairs. In the process, even though she shouted for help, her neighbors, at fewest 38 to the window to watch, but no one to rescue her, no one even called the police. This caused a stir in New York society, but also fascinated the attention of social psychologists and musing. It is considered a colossal number of bystanders neglecting the phenomenon known as diffusion of responsibility effect.
dispersion effect for the formation of obligation reasons, psychologists have done a lot of experiments and surveys found that: this phenomenon can not just mention that all of the callous, or moral decay of the extravaganza increased. In different occasions, people's doings of alms there is a distinction. When a person in an crisis situation, if only he can invest help, he would clearly conscious of their responsibilities, provide alms to the victims. If he refused to help produce feelings of crime, feelings of guilt, which requires paying a high psychological price. And if the presence of many people, help the responsibility for questing help from the people to share, resulting in fragmentation of responsibility, the responsibility of each person to share very few observers and even that may not even his own sense of a responsibility not to produce a How to break this situation, which is being studied by psychologists is an major heading.

Parkinson's Law of the famous British historian
North Goode Parkinson through long-term research, write a book called In his book, agency workers unraveled the reasons for and consequences of inflation: an incompetent officials, there may be three ways, first is the applying for resignation, the seat give competent people; the second is to make a able person to assist their work; third appointment of two levels lower than they were when the acolyte. This first way is absolutely Zou Bude, because that would lose many rights; second way can not go, because that would be learned of their competitors; seems that only a third way maximum suitable. As a result, two mediocre gopher sharing his work, he is high upon orders, they will not posture a threat to their rights. Since the inability of two assistants, they calling the shots, then two more for his inability to find an assistant. And so on, to manner a bloated, overstaffed, wrangling with each other, inefficient leading system.

halo effect
famous Russian literary mammoth Pushkin Zengyin role halo effect underwent a great handle. He was fanatically in love with is called Natan Li looks surprising, but with different channel sub-Puhi Jin-Zhi. When the time to write poetry Pushkin peruse it to her time. She always covered their ears and said: death duel, a literary giant to fall prematurely. Appears in Pushkin, a beautiful matron is bound to have great wisdom and magnificent character, however, is not the case, a phenomenon known as the halo effect.
the so-called halo effect, that is, interpersonal communication, people who museum the characteristics of a particular aspect, cover the other features, resulting in interpersonal cognitive disorders. In daily life, For example, some disadvantage of the retired individual youth people, or wear, habits and find it unacceptable to think that they necessarily good for nothing; some juvenile people a thing about the affection of friends, you will see him everywhere lovely, really the so-called Halo effect is a sweeping subjective psychological assumption, the error is: First, it is easy to grasp the individual specifics and habits of individual push and, just like Mangrenmoxiang as a point on behalf of the surface; the second It is not intrinsically linked to some of the individuality or physical characteristics related with the declaration that such features are bound to have other characteristics; Third, it definitely said yeah to all that bad on all the negative,Supra Skytop III Shoes, which is a total domination by the tendency of subjective bias. In short, the halo effect is the interpersonal relationships in a great psychological impact on people with cognitive impairment, we have contacts to try to avoid and vanquish the side effects of halo effect.
Hawthorne effect (Hawthorne effect)
an experimenter effect on psychology. 20-30 years of the 20th century, U.S. researchers in the Chicago Western Electric Company Hawthorne factory's working conditions, social factors and the relationship between making efficiency experimenter effect found in experiments, said Hawthorne effect.
the first period of the experiment in November 1924 from the opening of the working conditions and productivity of the relationship between the test group and control group. Increase or control the results regardless of illumination in the experimental group yields are rising, but the same illumination output of the control group also increased. In adding, tests of the wages paid, the coffee break time, the length of daily and weekly number of days of work and other factors, can not see these working conditions, there is a straight clash on production efficiency. The second phase of the trial by the U.S. Mayo led by Harvard professor, focuses on social factors and the relationship between productivity and found that the production efficiency is mainly caused by the experimenter in the spirit of the great changes have taken place. Participate in the trial of the workmen were placed in special studio researchers led by their social conditions changed, the concerns from all sides, creating a feeling of participating, feel that they are an important part of the company, so operators aspects from the social point of view are motivated to promote the production increase.
This effect tells us that when students or their attention or attention by the public, the study and would greatly mushroom the efficiency of communication. Therefore, in our daily lives with others learn to get along and comprehend what kind of behavior is approved by students and teachers and appreciation, and we can only live and learn and continually addition their good behavior, it may be more people's attention and appreciation, but also can make our learning progress, full of confidence!

learned helplessness learned helplessness effects of tentative
earliest Overmyer and West Sigman found later in animal and people studies have been widely argued. Simply put, many experiments show that exercised dogs can across the barriers or agree in other behavior to avoid the shock the experimenter added to it. However, if the dogs are not expected before (do not know when to come) and can not be controlled by cordless shock (such as interruption of electric shock or not does not rely on the dog's behavior), when the dog was the accident to escape electric shock, they have changed was unable to escape. Moreover, the dogs also showed other failings, such as frustration and depression, reduced motivation and so on.
dog show why this situation is due early in the experiment learned a sense of helplessness. That is, they achieve that no matter what their own can not control the termination shock. In each experiment, the shock is terminated under the control of the experimenter, and the dog will be aware of their inability to change the external control, to learn a sense of helplessness.
person who had capable helplessness to become a deep despair and grief. Therefore, we should study and life in the open their eyes that see the true events after the determination factors do not make our own despair.


witness witness's memory, in our understanding of where, usually to provide some objective certify, that his own witness and listen the things people who talk out honestly . However, psychological research shows that the testimony of many witnesses are not very exactly, or that is a personal preference, with personal outlooks and awareness.
witness proof of their confidence and their testimony can not determine the accuracy of the results of this study is amazing. Mrs fees can be special and psychologist Howard Springs determined to this conclusion more in-depth study. In order to investigate whether the testimony of witness something special, they will witness memory and the memory of general knowledge were compared.
they make were shown a short video is about the kidnapping of a girl. The next day, to reply some of the subjects in the content of the movie and inquired them to differentiate the degree of confidence in their respond, then do a recognition memory test. Next, use the same method, the content of popular literature from the encyclopedia and the common knowledge of elected issues.
and as happened ahead, Perot fees can be special and Howard Springs also found that the precision of the witness recalled, those confident of their answers than those who do not actually have people who do not have confidence greater, but For general knowledge, the situation is not the circumstance, people with high confidence in memories of people who score better than the absence of confidence.
people in the general knowledge about their strengths and disabilities with self-knowledge. Therefore, tend to adjust their test results for the confidence scale. General knowledge is a database, is shared between individuals, it has acknowledged the correct answer, the subjects can go fathom. For example, people will know thatthe issue of whether in amusements or even virtually better than others. However, the event witnessed the impact from such self-knowledge. For example, on the whole, they are unthreaten to know the event than others, the participants in the memory area cilia color better or worse.

Rosenthal Rosenthal effect
American psychologist, who in 1968 conducted a prominent experiment. Them to a basic plebiscite in the 3 sixth grade classes of the babies making a fuss of the In truth, this menu is not determined according to test results, but randomly selected. It is based on 8 months afterward, dissimilar intelligence test results showed that, the menu of general correction in student finishing, teachers also gave their good conduct reviews. This experiment has achieved miraculous results, It is thought by teachers to students the subtle psychological effects, so that teachers expect students to accomplish the progress of the phenomenon, known as the Pygmalion (Pygmalion of Cyprus in Greek mythology, the potentate, he produced a sculpture of a girl he loved his lust to finally make this into a real statue, the two fall in love with.)
educational practice also shows that: if a pedagogue favor some of the students, they will have tall expectations, later a phase of time, students feel the teachers concern, adore and encouragement; constantly assured attitude towards teachers, towards learning and towards own behavior, students more self-esteem, confidence, self-love, self-induce a positive enthusiasm, these students often expect teachers to win progress. In contrast,Supra Skytop II Shoes, teachers who are ignored, distinguished against students from the teacher's talk over time, means, facial expressions of teachers felt the requirements; these students often worse day by day, and eventually diluted to the bad units of society. Despite some exceptions, but the trend is that, while it also sounded the agitate for teachers.

false share discrepancy (disloyal consensus bias)
We commonly believe that our love is the same with most people. If you like playing microprocessor games, then it may overestimate the number of people like calculator games. You will usually overestimate the students to ballot on their favorite mathematics, overestimate their own prestige in the population and leadership and so on. This overestimation of your behaviors and attitudes you have the same proclivity of the number of features is called Some factors that may influence your share of this false bias strength:
(1) When an external attribution was stronger than the inner attribution;
(2) new behavior or events when a person is very important;
(3) When you are very sure of their point of view, or believe that the time;
(4) When your status or some kind of normal life and knowledge be threatened;
(5) When it comes to a positive When the quality or role;
(6) When you and other people as when they are alike.

kick cats effects:
not subordinate to vent their grievances, to avoid a chain reaction
people to vent their anger resentment and bad sensibilities and message science, the general strength of the makeup by the grade and emulated the chain of social relations transmission, has scatter from the peak of the pyramid to the bottom, no place to vent that one of the smallest element, then become the ultimate victims.
In general, the affection will be inspired by environmental factors, and some unexpected, when a person's sensitive deterioration, the subconscious mind ambition pedal his alternative of subordinates, or the languid can not fight behind vent. Strong feelingful attack along the boss or the people went behind to find their own punching sack. This will inflame the formation of a clear chain of transportation, the ultimate bearer of that

placebo effect
name forgery drugs effects, counterfeit effect, on behalf of the setting agency effect (in English: Placebo Effect, from Latin placebo solution, , but Some people think that this is a noteworthy human physiological answers, but some people think that this is the chart of medicinal experiments generated phantom. Whether this phenomenon exists, scientists have at present entirely understood to the satisfaction of a attribute
inverse achieve also exists - Anti-placebo effect: patients do not deem that handling is effective and may lead to disease progression. Detection of anti-placebo effect placebo effect can be found in the same direction. For example, a control group catching the drug invalid, there will be exacerbation of the phenomenon. This phenomenon is probably deserving to those who received the drug for the effectiveness of drugs have a negative viewpoint, which offset a placebo effect, there has been anti-placebo effect. This effect was not caused by the medications taken, but the psychological rehabilitation of patients based on expectations.

theory
the Netherlands there is a trash can to determination the litter problem the city to buy the trash, but because people do not want to use the trash, littering the phenomenon is still very serious. The city health authorities, and many of the solutions intended in this paper. The first is: the people of littering fines from 25 yuan to 50 yuan. Implemented, with mini success. The second method is to: increase the number of commanders patrolling the streets, results were not meaningful. Later, someone in the trash on the ideas: design an electric trash barrels equipped with a sensor,Supra Footwear, when rubbish into bins, the response of the sensor have started the recorder, broadcast a story or joke, and its content also changed once every two weeks. Popularity of this design, the results of all people regardless of distance, are taking the rubbish into the trash, clean up the city will thus become.

induction in the trash to setup tape recorders, nonsense into the broadcast a fable or joke, the effect is many better than those of discipline, retention money, not make people nauseated. Similarly, employees at work to solve the problem of idle, with a method of monitoring and discipline is actually very laborious to work because the effectiveness of the staff of its aim to depend chiefly.

hottest annual highest temperature effect
all around 2 pm, we always thought that the sun this time of the most powerful, in fact, when the sun has long west, is no longer time to maximum heat afford . The reason why the maximum temperatures at this time, but the heat from the before accumulation. Inspiration ==
effect the lack of such decrees in reality - a proactive understanding of one another so that business managers miscues, the number of quite actual. As a tiger in the company, benefits straight up when the mouth, the manager most likely to be the kind of bustling scene identified the eye of the stop.
a good director, you can not have a deep knowledge that can not be good at sensational agitator, even with amazing hard work did not, but he must have a sharp mind and an athletic mind, competent to occupy the bad signs , the finding of new signs and the birth of a new sign. [Td] [/ td]

Murphy's Law (Murphy's Law)
slang.
For example there are two keys in your pocket, one is your room, an automobile, if you would like to take the car keys, what happens? Yes, you often come up with a room key.
This is the famous
Over the years, this occur and cause the maximum possible loss used do something, and one of those ways can result in a catastrophe, then somebody will do it. (If there are two or more choices, which will result in a misadventure, then something will certainly make this choice.)
according to something happens, then it is more threaten to occur.
almost half a century, Accidents will happen as follows, not will happen. In the final analysis, the
we have such an experience, if a automobile stopped in the street prepared to go to a time-urgent meetings, you will find on the avenue is that always the taxis are not a visitor you do not pay any attention, and when you do not need when the automobile they found a lot of cruising around in your blank, fair waiting for you in a bayan, the motorcar stopped in front of you at any time. If you break the mirror in the lavatory a month ago, notwithstanding scrupulous inspection and cleaning, did not dare to hike barefoot, such as over a period of time decided there was no peril, and the unfortunate object is still happening, you still tie a foot broken cup. If you put a chip of bread out of your new carpet, it may be the ground on both sides. But you put a piece of bread, one side wrapped with a jam off the fashionable carpet,Women's Supra TK Society, often facing down a jam.
Means to solve the problem and we clearly higher, more solemn problems facing. Therefore, we ought be as many as likely in advance was very careful, thorough, or loss if the disastrous does happen, to react to it with a laugh, the opener is to amount up the blunders, rather than attempting to cover it.

complain effect: Those who complain the company has folk who go, alternatively the employer of that enterprise must be better than not such person or have! kinds of folk and buried in the abdomen of the complaints the company into the attack to the extra