accumulation of gas into the ancient coal plants in the early stages of cellulose and decomposition of organic matter formed by the role of anaerobic bacteria. At high temperature, high pressure environment, while in the coal formation, the physical and chemical effects, continues to generate gas. Gas is colorless, tasteless, odorless gas,
skechers shoes online, but sometimes you can smell the aroma similar to Apple, this is due to aromatic hydrocarbon gases at the same time with the gas emission reasons. Gas relative density of air 0.554, the standard conditions of gas density is 0.716kg, gas permeability is 1.6 times the air, insoluble in water, do not breathe combustion can not be maintained, to a certain concentration, can make a person suffocation from lack of oxygen, and fire or explosion can occur. Gas in coal or rock in the free state and adsorbed state is present.
directory
component classifier natural gas liquefied petroleum gas appliances installed home safe Gas safety check gas leakage incident handling conditions of coal mine gas explosion explosion of gas industry development status of the prevention component of
gas main component of alkanes, of which the vast majority of methane,
skechers shoes, while a small amount of ethane, propane and butane, in addition to the general also contain hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and water vapor, and trace amounts of inert gases such as helium and argon. In standard conditions, methane to butane gas state to exist above the liquid pentane. In case of fire, to burn, the occurrence of Therefore, the mine working on the Original, canary on the Miners are aware of this situation, you can immediately withdraw the mine, to avoid the occurrence of casualties. CH4 combustion gas explosion is the chemical equation is CH4 +2 O2 = lit = CO2 +2 H2O concentration of oxygen in the air 10%, if the gas concentration in the 5-16%, and it will explode, the concentration is about 30% When you can quiet combustion. Classification of gas is generally known as the people of the fuel gas can be divided into liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas, gas three categories. Generally known as the Gas Gas Gas (gas), from the literal meaning, is something that the gas and coal-related, but different use environment, the gas has a different explanation: In the petrochemical industry, refers to the dry distillation of coal as received fuel gas, its main ingredient is hydrogen, methane, ethylene, carbon monoxide, naphtha, plus a small amount of nitrogen and carbon dioxide and other impurities can not be burned. Now more known as Saying in general called mixture of sulfide and other gases, such as speaking in the Sometimes refer to liquefied petroleum gas, such as liquefied petroleum gas tank that is mounted in the cylinder. LPG LPG (Liquid Petroleum Gas) or natural gas from crude oil refining process in the precipitation of a mixture of propane and butane in the gas under normal temperature and pressure, can be liquefied by compression or cooling, usually pressure into the cylinders is available to users, it is also known as liquefied gas or bottled gas. [1] Liquefied petroleum gas is colorless, odorless, non-toxic, flammable, explosive, based on security considerations, supply of household use of liquefied petroleum gas odor agents are added, one can detect a leak. LPG filling into the cylinder by the pressurized liquid, but out of the container will become a gas, gasification of the liquid volume after volume expansion than two hundred and seventy times; heat value of about 10 720 kcal per kg. Gasification of liquefied petroleum gas weight is about 1.5 times the air, so air leakage, is easy to stay in the lower or the corner. Air mixed with 1.8 to 9.5 percent of the liquefied petroleum gas, will have met the fire burning or explosion. Natural gas (Natural Gas) commonly known as natural gas, laying pipelines from the gas supply company users, it is also known as gas or unsolicited gas conduit. Paleontological remains of long-term natural gas is deposited underground, the slow transformation and deterioration, cracking, gaseous hydrocarbons produced, the main ingredient is methane, and contains a small amount of ethane, propane, butane and other hydrocarbons and a small amount of non-flammable gas. Taiwan, the natural gas company can supply heat value of approximately 8900 kcal per cubic meter to between 9900 kcal. Natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas as respective fields colorless, tasteless, non-toxic, flammable, explosive characteristics, also based on security considerations, the gas company supplies natural gas to comply with the government of laws and regulations, the smell agent added to prevent the gas leakage accidents caused by dangerous. The proportion of natural gas lighter than air, leaking, easy to drift upward. The gas content of the air five to fifteen percent between the encounter that will cause burning fire or explosion. Liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas is extremely clean, convenient energy, completely burned, the carbon dioxide are produced non-toxic, incomplete combustion, it will produce toxic carbon monoxide. Family gas gas, in human daily life, can be said to play a very important role; like food cooking, use a gas stove; bath with hot water, use of gas water heaters; cars are available even when the fuel gas; other like building a house with beautiful tiles are burned out with gas. [2] Department of the combustion gas blends as gas and air, the more evenly into the cylinder of the number of cars is also more evenly, it is very easy to burn, and the absence of impurities can not be said to be one of the most polluting fuel, efforts to promote the worth. In addition to the above mentioned uses, the more advanced Western countries and Japan, also make use of them in the gas oven gas, gas cooker, gas refrigerator, gas heating and air machine .... and so on, the function of gas is too more, too. Installation of safety equipment for a gas, gas appliances should be installed in the place of air circulation. Gas combustion, if the air is not enough, very easy to produce carbon monoxide, and carbon monoxide is very easy to unknowingly make poison gas. Most people said gas poisoning, in fact, caused by inhalation of carbon monoxide poisoning. Gas appliances must be installed so the air flow in place. Second, the various types of gas appliances and the surrounding high walls, ceilings and other combustible materials or flammable materials shall be kept of the safe distance. Third, set the confined space gas appliances should be prohibited, if special circumstances demand, the installation method, please contact your local gas service station or company. Safe gas, easy to light, very easy to use; relative,
shape up shoes, if not careful leak out, it is very easy to cause a fire. But as long as we properly to prevent these dangerous incidents are avoided. To tell you the following prevention methods. First, beware of leakage: the culprit is the gas leak disaster, as long as the work of good leak-proof, disaster will not happen. Second, I must abide 』『 people off from the fire safety rules: (a) the use of gas, the people can not stay away from. (B) at night to sleep, you should turn off gas switch. (C) when they go out, you should always switch off gas. Check
leakage when not in use last digit of the table, such as rotation of gas that leak
applied to bubble Inspection Service, if leakage will form bubbles
not available fire leak
not the ignition, not turn on the lights and all electrical switches
unavailable fans, exhaust fans, range hoods to get rid of gas
Accident leakage treatment 1. smell the gas odor, first open the doors and windows. 2. Faucet switch off appliances and 3. Close the gas meter and water heater switch, not open and close electrical switches. 4. Notify the gas company handles. Poisoning treatment 1. Poisoning, poisoning move quickly and ventilated place, loosen clothing, breathing fresh air. 2 as far as possible poisoning quiet rest, and to raise up the next volume. 3. If breathing is weak or stops, for artificial respiration immediately. 4. Symptoms of severe, hospital treatment. Fire treatment 1. Turn off the gas and the water heater switch before the table. 2. Stoves and leading off switch. 3. With fire extinguishers, water, sand, wet towel or blanket the fire. 4. Fire, please notify 119 and the gas company. 5. After the fire, can not tamper with the gas, subject to security check before the gas company to use ventilation to avoid secondary disasters. Coal mine gas is gas is gas. Main ingredient is paraffin, which the vast majority of methane, while a small amount of ethane, propane and butane, in addition to
coal mine gas
General also contains hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and water vapor, and trace amounts of inert gas such as helium and argon. Plants in the coal-forming process generated a lot of gas, also known as coalbed methane. Humic-type organic matter by bacteria, can generate gas; later buried with the sediment depth increases, in the long geological ages, due to coal subjected to high temperature, high pressure role,
shape ups skechers, into the metamorphic stage of carbonization of coal, coal volatile reduced, fixed carbon increase, generating a large number of gas stored in coal or rock inside the pores and cracks. China coal mine gas is a term in the gas from the transliteration into English from, often referring only to CH4 (methane, also known as marsh gas). Underground mining, the gas within the emission from the coal or rock, the air pollution in the mine. Per ton of coal, rock, said the amount of gas containing coal, rocks,
skechers shape ups, gas content, mainly on the coal rank, coal seam conditions, rock properties, geological structure and hydrogeological factors. In general, the same coal seam gas content increases with depth. Gas from coal and rock in the form of emission are: ① slowly and evenly, lasting from the coal, exposed rock off the surface and the mining of coal in the emission, is the regular source of mine Nei Wasi. ② gas under pressure, a lot, quickly ejected from the cracks, that gas emitted. ③ short of coal, rock and gas from the coal or rock with a sudden within the spray, coal, rock and gas outburst. The amount of gas emission per unit of time called the absolute emission (m3/min); average daily output of one ton of coal, said the relative amount of emission gas emission (m3 / t). According to China 10m3 / t for high gas mines; ③ coal and gas outburst. Determined by the size of gas emission in coal mining strata gas content and technical factors. Mine gas emission within the same with the increase of mining depth, mining expansion and increased with increasing degree of mechanization. China's major coal mines in 1981, mining accounted for 29% of high methane; coal and gas outburst mines accounted for 16%, most located in Liaoning, Sichuan, Guizhou and Hunan provinces. Thermal explosion of a gas explosion is a chain reaction (also called chain reaction). When the explosive mixture with certain energy (usually heat
given an ignition source gas explosion
to), the molecular chain reaction that line of fracture, dissociation into two or more free radicals (also known as free radicals .) Such free radicals have great chemical activity, a response to continuous activation center. In the right conditions, each radical can be further decomposed, and then produce two or more free radicals on. This endless cycle, free radicals, more and more and faster reaction speed, and finally to the development of fire or explosion of the oxidation reaction. Therefore, the gas explosion in its very nature is a certain concentration of methane and oxygen in the air under the action of a certain temperature, the intense oxidation. When its concentration in the air more than 55%, the make of them soon died of asphyxiation, is a major coal production hazards. The basic method to prevent the gas concentration is sufficient air flow to dilute the gas, discharge the ground. When the gas emission is large, have to use special measures to control the gas emission,
skechers tone ups, the most effective and widely used method is to use the gas pipeline will be able to get the ground (see gas drainage.) CH4 pumped to do industrial, commercial fuels and chemical raw materials. CH4 combustion heat for the 8540 ~ 9500kcal/m3, 1m3 about the equivalent of 1.5kg of bituminous coal. CH4 combustion gas explosion is the chemical equation is CH4 +2 O2 = CO2 +2 H2O in the coal mine where it is emitted from coal and rock cracks. Is a thermal coal mine gas explosion a chain reaction (also called chain reaction). When the explosive mixture with certain energy (usually heat given an ignition source), the molecular chain reaction that line of fracture, dissociation into two or more free radicals (also called free radicals.) Such free radicals have great chemical activity, a response to continuous activation center. In the right conditions, each radical can be further decomposed, and then produce two or more free radicals on. This endless cycle, more and more free radicals, chemical reaction rate is also faster and faster and end up burning or explosive development of the oxidation reaction. Therefore, the gas explosion by its very nature, is a certain concentration of methane and oxygen in the air at a certain temperature under the action of the intense oxidation. High temperature and pressure generated by gas explosion, near the source of the gas explosion led to greatly impact the speed of outward, causing casualties, damage to roadway and equipment and facilities, raised and involve a large number of coal dust explosion, resulting in an even more devastating. In addition, the explosion generates a large number of harmful gases, causing poisoning. EXPLOSIVE gas explosion conditions are: a certain concentration of gas, the presence of high-temperature fire and adequate oxygen.
gas explosion
(1) gas concentrations of gas explosion in a certain concentration range, the gas in the air can cause a fire after the explosion as the gas explosion concentration limits. Gas explosion limit of 5% to 16% when the gas concentration of less than 5%, in a fire or explosion, but can be formed outside the flame burning layer, when the gas concentration of 9.5%, the explosive power of the largest (oxygen and gas complete response); gas concentration of 16% or more, lose their explosive, but in case of fire still burning in the air. Gas explosion limit is not fixed, it is affected by temperature, pressure and coal dust, and other flammable gases, inert gases mixed with other factors. (2) fire ignition temperature of the gas temperature, that is, the minimum ignition temperature of gas. Generally believed that the fire gas temperature 650 ℃ ~ 750 ℃. However, due to the concentration of gas, the nature of fire and mixed gas pressure and other factors change. When the gas content in a 8% 7%, the most easily ignited; when the mixed gas pressure increased, the ignition temperature is reduced; in the fire the same temperature, the greater the fire area, the longer the ignition, the more easily lead fuel gas. The existence of high-temperature fire is caused by gas explosion in one of the necessary conditions. Underground smoke, electrical sparks, illegal shooting, spontaneous combustion, fire operations and so could easily cause a gas explosion. Therefore, there is gas in the mine in operation, must strictly follow the (3) the concentration of oxygen proved reduce the concentration of oxygen in the air when the gas explosion limit shrinks, when the oxygen concentration decreased to 12% or less, the loss of an explosive gas mixture. The closed nature of the underground fire zone has great influence on the fire in a confined area often accumulate a lot of gas, and a fire there, but the concentration of oxygen is low, and will not explode. If there is fresh air, the oxygen concentration of more than 12%, it may explode. Therefore, the fire area should be kept in strict management, the fire in the unsealed areas should be particularly careful when, after putting out the fire must be unsealed. High temperature and pressure generated by gas explosion, near the source of the gas explosion led to greatly impact the speed of outward, causing casualties, damage to roadway and equipment and facilities, raised and involve a large number of coal dust explosion, have a greater destructive force. In addition, the explosion generates a large number of harmful gases, causing poisoning. Prevention are: ① The mine ventilation and control of gas emission and other methods to prevent the gas concentration exceeds the set (such as drainage, enhance ventilation); ② control the fire, eliminate electrical sparks, to eliminate non-production needs of the fire, such as underground no-smoking, carrying such as matches, lighters and other ignition items into the wells, fire lighting. Inevitable for the production of high-temperature heat source, the use of special measures to strictly control, if permitted to use a special mine safety explosives and electrical equipment to strengthen the management of underground fire, such as prohibiting underground miner apart; ③ an adequate number of full-time gas Check the work to strengthen inspection, mine gas line monitoring system with automatic and continuous check of the CH4 concentration and the workplace ventilation. Installation of safety equipment for a gas, gas appliances should be installed in the place of air circulation. Gas combustion, if the air is not enough, very easy to produce carbon monoxide, and carbon monoxide is very easy to unknowingly make poison gas. Most people said gas poisoning, in fact, caused by inhalation of carbon monoxide poisoning. Gas appliances must be installed so the air flow in place. Second, the various types of gas appliances and the surrounding high walls, ceilings and other combustible materials or flammable materials shall be kept of the safe distance. Third, set the confined space gas appliances should be prohibited, if special circumstances demand, the installation method, please contact your local gas service station or company. Safe gas, easy to light, very easy to use; relative, if not careful leak out, it is very easy to cause a fire. But as long as we properly to prevent these dangerous incidents are avoided. To tell you the following prevention methods. First, beware of leakage: the culprit is the gas leak disaster, as long as the work of good leak-proof, disaster will not happen. Second, I must abide 』『 people off from the fire safety rules: (a) the use of gas, the people can not stay away from. (B) at night to sleep, you should turn off gas switch. (C) when they go out, you should always switch off gas. Gas Industry Development in China in 2007, the country 4.735 billion cubic meters of gas extraction, the use of 1.446 billion cubic meters. In which the amount of underground coal mine gas extraction 4.4 billion cubic meters, to complete the planning target of 127%. The formation of CBM production 10 billion cubic meters, 2 times in 2006. CBM production of 330 million cubic meters, an increase of 1 over 2006 times. 2005 to 2007, a total of about 1,700 drilling, drilling of the total accumulated over the years accounted for 85%. As of the end of 2007, domestic proved reserves of 134 billion cubic meters of geological coal bed methane, CBM commercial production in less than 4 billion cubic meters. According to gas pipeline 10, the total designed capacity of 6.5 billion cubic meters gas; key construction Basin, Eastern Ordos Basin, two coal bed methane industry base. Atlas Atlas entry for more understanding of Reference 1
gas
http://www.scgas.com.tw/gasbook.htm
2
gas safety publicity
http://www.taipeigas.com.tw/photo.htm
Open Category: chemical, gas, coal mine safety, gas, coal technology Source: Baidu Dictionary): 1.fuel gas 2. [Mining] gas; damp 3. [Military] poison gas I have to improve the
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