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Rural Tourism Overview 1.
Origin of the Spanish rural tourism scholars Rosa Mar ý a Yagu Traditional Rural Tourism) and the modern village travel,0 air max 180 Tour (Modern Rural Tourism) two.
rural tourism in the traditional industrial revolution, mainly deserving to a number of urban residents from rural areas to form. Although traditional rural tourism will generate some valuable local economic impact, and increase opportunities for urban and rural communication, but it is very modern distinction between rural tourism, mainly reflected in: the traditional rural tourism activities are mainly in the holidays carried out; not effective in promoting local economic development; did not give the local jobs and improve the local financial environment. In truth, the traditional rural tourism in many developed and developing countries in the world are currently extensive in China, this constantly seed-borne mizuno wag running shoes are classified in traditional rural tourism visit 旅游.
modern rural tourism in the 20th century in rural areas 80 annuals a new type of travel patterns, especially in the 20th century, 90 years afterward the rapid development of , significantly assorted from the travel motivation of tourists to return family the traditional tourists. modern main traits of rural tourism are: travel time is not limited to vacations; modern rural tourists take advantage of the pretty landscape of rural areas, the natural environment and construction, cultural resources; modern rural tourism's contribution to the rural economy not merely in increased revenue to the local, but likewise in creating employment opportunities for local, merely returned to the local disability of the traditional economic puma shoes for cheap injected new vitality .
modern rural tourism on rural economic development has a affirmative role in promoting, with the rapid increase of tourists with modern features, the modern rural tourism has become an effective means of developing the rural economy. so it is necessary to differentiate this back home, definition, mainly in the following views:
Spanish savants Gilbert and Tung (1990) that: Rural Tourism (Rural tourism) is to provide accommodation for tourists, farmers and other conditions, it nike air max shoes in the field of farming, lea, etc. The typical rural environment in a diversity of leisure activities in a travel manner.
Committee as Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD, 1994, P.15) namely defined as: apt carry out tourism in the countryside, rural savor (rurality) in rustic tourism hub and a unique selling point.
Israel Arie Reichel and Oded Lowengart and the United States Ady Milman (1999) succinctly said: rural tourism is tourism in rural areas. with special offerings in rural areas such as tourism enterprises smaller scale, local sustainable development should be open and have other characteristics.
UK Bramwell and Lane (ferrari pumas shoes 1994) that: rural tourism is not only the agriculture-based tourism activities, but a multi-faceted tourism , including on agriculture, in addition to its holiday tourism, but also include special amuse in nature tourism, ecotourism, hiking holiday, hiking and nag riding and other activities, venture, sports and health tourism, hounding and fishing, educational tourism, culture with traditional tourism, and tourism activities in some regions of the folk.
the definition of pertinent domestic rural tourism more narrowly He Jingming and Li-Hua Li that rural tourism in rural areas is to have a country of natural and cultural objects for travel Attraction of tourism activities. The concept of rural tourism includes two aspects: First, in rural areas, the second is pearly puma sneakers to rurality as a tourist attraction, and nor is dispensable. Rural Tourism Overview Foreign
rural tourism originated in France in 1885, the eighties the nineteenth centenary large-scale development, rural tourism in Germany, Austria, Britain, France, Spain, the United States, Japan and other amplified countries have a considerable scale, took a standardized development alley. rural tourism in promoting the economic development of reduced rural areas played a quite important role. rural tourism on the contribution and significance of the local economy have been entirely proved. In many countries, rural tourism is thought a stop agricultural decline and forcible method of increasing rural earnings. rural tourism development in the world very rapidly, in 2001, the Italian rural tourism enterprises more than ten thousand tourists a total of up to 2 mizuno sprinting shoes 100 million, turnover of 900 billion liras ( approximately 430 million U.S. dollars), likened to 2000 increased at 12.5%%. in the United States unattended, 30 states have clear policies for tourism in rural areas, 14 states in their tourism development maneuver includes the overall rural tourism. In Israel, rural tourism development is the decline in rural incomes as an forcible complement, increasing year after year,0 the digit of rural tourism enterprises. including Canada, Australia, New Zealand, including the sometime Eastern Europe and the Pacific, many countries deem that rural tourism in rural areas economic development and economic diversification of the power. domestic
According to the National Tourism Administration's latest estimates, the current number of year tourists rural tourism has approached three hundred million people, tourism revenues of more than 400 billion yuan, accounting for the total travel women puma country for nearly one-third. According to reports, agricultural tourism demonstration sites along the country has reached 359, over 31 mainland provinces and municipalities, covering a variety of formats agriculture. every,0 of the 3 Golden Week, the National Urban residents travel choose the proportion of rural tourism accounts for about 70%, the formation of Golden Week, about 6,000 per million of the rural tourism market, tourism industry rural tourism has become a new growth point. rural tourism development status of rural tourism development as,0 the 19th century, 70
Since rural tourism in rural areas in adult countries increased quickly. This downturn in rural areas to subserve economic development has played a very important role (Blaine and Golan 1993; Dernoi 1991). rural tourism on the local contribution to the economy puma trainer shoes and meaning have been fully proven (Fleischer & Pizam, 1997; Page & Getz, 1997; OECD, 1994). In many countries, rural tourism is considered an agricultural recession and to discourage an effective means of increasing rural incomes (Arie Reichel , Oded Lowengart, Ady Milman, 1998).
rural tourism development in the world very quickly, in 2001, the Italian rural tourism enterprises more than ten thousand tourists a total of 2,100 million, a turnover of 900 billion liras (about combined 430 million U.S. dollars), compared to 2000 increased by 12.5% (Xinhua, 200 puma motorsport boot 1.12.30). in the United States alone, 30 states have clear policies for tourism in rural areas, 14 states in their overall travel development plan includes rural tourism (Luloff et al, 1994). In Israel, the rural tourism development in rural areas as an effective supplement falling incomes, increasing number of rural tourism enterprises (Fleischer & Pizam, 1997). At the same time, including Canada, Australia, New Zealand, including the former Eastern Europe and the Pacific, many countries believe that the tourism industry in rural areas, rural economic development and diversification of power (Hall, & Jenkins, 1998).
UK Richard Sharpl burberry smocked cashmere muffler ey (2001) believe that the challenges facing rural tourism enterprises are: the lack of support; lack of education; tourist facilities and the lack of tourist attractions; short season was the utilization rate is not high; low efficiency and other aspects of sale.
in the late 20th century, Spain nearly 20 years through its Rural Tourism study concluded, proved that the modern rural tourism is very conducive to promoting the development of rural areas of Spain, the modern rural tourists in Spain at the age of 25-45 years of age and more for the social and cultural high level of purchasing power of urban residents, rural activities they enjoy a positive attitude, the main rural tourism activities, including air huarache running manoeuvre, the labor related to agriculture and tourism, etc., these modern rural tourists and more use of existing facilities , including the village is full of energy and other small hotels and huts (Bardo n1987, 1990; Bote 1987,1988; Candela 1992; Fuentes 1995).
rural tourism development bring an end to ...the country mainly in agriculture and tourism and leisure agriculture are currently creature to tourism, study, learning, participation, recreation, leisure, holiday, entertainment and intention for the integrated development, including participation rates and migration of domestic tourists relatively high rate of rural tourism projects is to travel air maxs and other aspects.
rural tourism development type the rapid development of rural tourism, gradually showing a large-scale industry and product diversification. some foreign-related tourism and rural tourism are: Agrotourism (agricultural tourism), Farm Tourism (Farm 旅游), Green Tourism (green tourism), Village Tourism (generally refers to remote villages in the traditional culture and folk culture tourism) and the Peripheral Area Tourism (puma float cat trainers outdoor the tourist area), etc..
comprehensive domestic rural the status of tourism and other research results, the basic types of rural tourism into the following categories:
① green landscape and rural scenery to tourists, the theme of rural tourism.
② to the plough or farm-based tourism including leisure farms, tourist orchards, tea plantations, gardens, recreational fisheries, agriculture pedagogy, garden, agricultural science demonstration garden, which shows the leisure, entertainment and informative as the theme of rural tourism.
③ to rural people, country and ethnic customs the theme of traditional mores, folk culture, citizen culture and local culture as the theme of rural tourism.
④ to Wellness and fitness pastime sports-themed recreation Rural Tourism. rural tourism development issues in the analysis of puma shoes black
Rural Tourism Development in China in the new problems are chiefly the emulating aspects:
(1) level of understanding of rural tourism is not deep, conceptual muddle
present some scholars of rural tourism is equivalent to agricultural tourism (agrotourism) Note some even one-sided understanding of agricultural tourism, severely reducing the richness of rural tourism, rural tourism are included cover the other types. Many rural tourist attractions and more dominated by agriculture and tourism alone, a heap of rural tourism product is not can truly reflect all aspects of rural tourism, or even misrepresented the meaning of rural tourism, the attractiveness of the product.
(2) development of rural tourism operators and the existence of the phenomenon of fragmentation, brand difference, is insufficient cultural content mining
in rural tourism development and management in the common phenomenon of fragmentation, resources and funds are not to form an effective force,
hermes massai cut, widespread small-scale rural tourism, the operators of the phenomenon of languid brand awareness. In one-sided development of rural tourism emphasis on natural resources, rural development, to the neglect of local culture, folklore and other cultural connotation of rural development and rural tourism and cultural understanding of the narrow and one-sided, ignoring rural development and utilization of other resources.
(3) a general lack of planning and planning, many rural tourism projects blindly launched, the tendency of the development of the city was
due to lack of funding, there is not testimony of tourism resources, planning and planning for a break, only to re-scale development to the disregard of quality, shoddy, Many rural tourism there is a huge blind, only considered when the puma inflection ago, antagonism the long-term, and some rural tourism development itself is a kind of destroy,0. In addition some of the villages in the development of rural tourism, the pretended marks are also apparent, high-rise buildings built in the rural hostels structure, urbanization tend to seriously effect,0 the characteristics of rural tourism.
(4) lack of personnel of rural tourism, a single mode of operation, management confusion
the research and development of rural tourism are at a low level, for rural tourism management personnel is relatively small, rural tourism practitioners of the lack of systematic and effective training. in the tangible operation of rural tourism, many of the management of rural tourism, village cadres, and by local farmers as part-time. rural tourism directors and practitioners generally low quality of personnel, the rapid development of rural tourism rural tourism and low-quality management personnel and employees comparative to the spear flight huarache shield, rural tourism in the vast operation to form a light management, low quality, low-income wheel of the vicious things, serious limitations China's rural tourism development.
(5) model of a single rural tourism development, production development features mini more than similar domestic
more focus on the development of rural tourism sightseeing agriculture, leisure agriculture and tourism products, while the rural culture traditional and folk customs paid not enough attention to resource development. Rural Tourism superfluous dependence on agricultural resources, the lack of culture, culture is not famous geographical features. In addition, rural tourism in China there are many similar products, the lack of specialty products, the overall low level admission , inadequate facilities and so on.
nike air max 360 ii (6) taper the scope of rural tourism development, the contribution to the revitalization of the rural economy because of the limited
economic underdevelopment, backward infrastructure and many other reasons, resulting in Rural Tourism Development in China more successful and more in the near district, in the city's periphery, even in the city to open up rural tourism projects, the recovery of rural tourism in remote areas, the role of the rural economy is very finite.
also present, China's rural tourism more use of special tourism products arise, such as sightseeing orchards, tea tourism, high-tech agricultural park, multi-flower garden, fishing and other recreation, and other scenic areas and degree of integration is insufficient natural resources, tourism, rural employees employed in fewer than regular,0, the main tourism receipts not to farmers nike sandals for men the Lord. while the developed countries to develop rural tourism is mainly to increase the income of farmers, especially the income of farmers in remote areas, generally developing the main small farmers to partake in the main, but tourism revenue income of local farmers a complement, which is China's rural tourism a greater difference.
Rural Tourism Rural Tourism Development in the evolution process is the use of decisive asset and technology, the country's natural tourism resources, social and cultural tourism resources, public investment , technology and person resources, facilities, infrastructure and additional ingredients of the tourism manufacture and related social optimal delivery of economic resources, so namely potential tourism resources into passengers can bring,0 vantage of the passenger attractions,
mbt boots sales, and the resulting economic amount and numerous additional values, alternatively to have been portion of the use of resources to improve the breadth and depth, from the puma suede dark and increase the amount of tourism resources in the process of synthesis. rural tourism development in specific rural contexts, the development process and development of the commerce at last ambition rural social, economic and environmental impact ambition generate a series, and accordingly the development of rural tourism and rural dwellers should always be the most straight benefits related with, to make the local planters to benefit in tourism development.
meager tourism development project ideas or project rushed, may lead to the development failure (McKercher, 2001). the lack of specific guidance to tourism development agent funds for construction will fetch,0 the damage issue (Prideaux, 2002). the current rural family as the main production and treatment, rural economic organizations , administrative organization and social treatment organizations are often disabling, if it were not for for a wide scope of dynamic mizuno running shoes wave rider members will not be competent to systematize themselves. So China's rural tourism development in rural areas need to build a broad-based tourism development guidance to the masses Committee, its main features is to deed for the plenary development union, coordination and communication. the organization and the general plea by the village cadres and the tourism industry composed of ardent, and have way to the believe and admission of the masses, is characterizing the interests of a crowd of villagers persons. combined with the success of domestic and multinational experience of rural tourism, rural tourism development is proposed the following seven treads.
rural tourism development process
community interests r the {first|at at first,0,0} step: the proposed tourism development projects
d
Step two: identification of the project impact factor l-
d Development Commission guidance blazers the shoes two-way communication with community residents
third step: community consultation to gain support -
d
Step four: l specialists on the feasibility learn the target mall and economic conditions of
d
Step Five: The revised assessment report of the Expert l
d
Step six: to heave development funds l Project investment traditions weigh
d
Step Seven: The project will build more than
rural tourism development process because:
First, rural tourism development must take full account of community interests, and in the Based on the development with local characteristics of rural tourism projects.
develop rural tourism projects often can promote local social and economic development and to benefit local residents, but also may have a negate impact, the development of rural tourism will have a direct and indirect causes changes in the local socio-economic environment. For development projects to nail factors for the prognosis and interpretation of qualitative and quantitative to provide basic file on the amplitude of the purpose is to propose recommendations to enhance advantageous effects, adverse or developed to exclude and alleviate the negative effects of countermeasures. These factors contain,0 population factors new poise m576, community and relationships among the organization factors, personal and family factors on the level of community infrastructure needs factors, changes in economic conditions and other factors. a variety of factors can be subdivided for the different content, based on the status of rural tourism, rural tourism projects and rural situation in which to modify the content of conditions.
rural tourism development projects of socio-economic impact assessment of the factors of population factors
type of content the natural population change; rural additional fatigue coerce inflows and outflows; seasonal tourists change; rural families to shake to migrate out; old, gender, ethnic essay and institutional change
community narrations within the assorted sub for the formation of air max tn plus the viewpoint of the proposed development; villagers benefit from difference; the impact of administrative contact; rural industrial structure adjustment; economic injustice; change in employment; social order
personal and family class elements on the access to disrupt the everyday,0 production and life ; vicinity contact changes; reason of citizen customs, ideas, distinctions in religious activities; changes in family framework
community infrastructure needs factor causing changes in community infrastructure; land accretion and elimination conditions change; community public service conditions; the impact of existing resources; leisure and cultural activities changes in economic conditions, changes in factors
employ, type, income, seasonal variation; partially block air prestigious value changes; personal and family income levels; family income in non-agricultural income proportion; local fiscal revenue and expenditure; the proposed development of tourism project inputs and outputs; fashionable infrastructure, community facilities, public services, investment
Second, the rural tourism development is a two-way feedback process, mainly through the village Tourism Development Steering Committee will inform community residents of tourism, and to explain its views and recommendations will be taken into list to aggrandize the beneficial effects, to eliminate or reduce the negative effects. population factors, the community and relationships within the organization factor and community infrastructure needs factor in affecting the local financial revenue and expenditure and economic development in rural areas, the end outcome is the result of local puma future feline ii changes in the quality of life of residents. so should be the factors on the combined effects of community residents messaging to the community residents to gain public understanding and support of project development.
Third, the basic vouch for the rural tourism development projects to meet community needs and encounter the public interest community, but can achieve the lusted results, the need to employ experts on the project feasibility study. expert scientific methods proposed tourism projects on intensive research, the anticipated economic benefits of building programs for analysis, comparisons to evaluate the feasibility, scientific decision-making for investment foundation. In this step of the tourism market and economic analysis is very important to be developed to ensure that the tourism puma first circular sneaker project economically viable, there is a claim in the market, and has good maneuverability.
Fourth, the combination of experts for feasibility study report, the project revised. through the hiring of experts to a panel of experts on the feasibility study on the assessment, participate in assessment of the thing stretched to members of the Steering Committee of Tourism Development and implementation of the project related to tourism community representatives. This will not only assure the scientific ecology of the project, but also get the support of community residents in order to reduce the resistance to the implementation process.
Finally, the various aisles to raise development funds, uphold the together, the higher administrative department of the village, you can use tourism to aid poor, the way of infrastructure investment into funds for the initial development of tourism in order to lay the basis for the development of rural tourism. to the project for the land, or land use right price can be secondhand as means of financing . Under the current policy allows the conditions, investment environment, preferential policies for investors must be given to mobilizing the enthusiasm of foreign investors. successfully raise funds, the development of tourism projects could be implemented.
In general, the development of model can more fully include the , which is favorable to win comprehending and patronize of community residents, to dilute the resistance to development work. rural tourism development fathom
(a) long-term planning, science planning, enhance the cultural connotations of rural tourism development in rural tourism
, via systems planning, the organic integration of rural tourism resources, cautiously and scientifically planned tourism development projects better. while also strengthening the construction of cultural meaning to local culture as the core, improve the rural tourism products, taste and quality. strengthen the cultural connotations of rural tourism Mining is profitable to change the current structure of rural tourism products similar, low-grade status. in the rural tourism product development and chart projects, to rural folk, ethnic customs and local culture make the treatise, the rural tourism products have higher cultural taste and high masterpiece style nike air max women.
(b) maintain the character and prominent features, enhance the attractiveness of rural tourism development of rural tourism
, be conscious of local temperament, highlighting the rural characteristics to dodge the proclivity of the metropolis. rural tourism investors should pay attention to the development of the rural character of the elemental conservation. Thus the development of rural tourism guide to strengthen the scientific and professional guidance, strengthen operating characteristics and differences, highlighting the rural natural, easy, green, neat environment, air, emphasizing natural, leisure and rural beauty to showing the fascination of rural tourism.
(c) government-led, joint ventures, were present throughout the tree brand suburban
puma footwear are magnificent efforts in the development of rural tourism, the emulation is fierce competition for tourists. rural tourism should be guided by the local government to achieve mutual ventures, in order to force the formation of groups of scale, the production of the brand, increase market competitiveness, and take the size of and industrialization of the road, to achieve sustainable development of rural tourism.
(d) the development of rural tourism to do some composition of
1. rural tourism development should be combined with other tourism development of rural tourism can not
understood as a purely agricultural resources development, and the other with the regional tourism resources and the development of tourist attractions incorporate with existing tourist attraction, for tourists to form resource sharing, mutual complementarity and general,0 development pattern.
2. rural tourism development and rural poverty alleviation to the combination of solutions nike sb p rod 3 must better the employment of rural surplus labor in rural China
It is estimated that there are about 1.5 billion surplus labor force in 2010 also new labor force will be at fewest 6350 million people. from the short term, increasing employment oppression in China, rural surplus labor force employment is a very solemn problem. Tourism development can increase employment opportunities for rural tourism can be solved to some extent from the the problem of rural surplus labor, the alleviation of rural surplus labor on the city's pressure.
3. rural tourism development and small towns to combine
2001, China's small towns has surpassed 20,000, the urbanization rate of 37 puma suede boots .66%, during the last 10 years, the average annual increase of about 800 small towns in 10 years and 1 million rural people settled in small towns. rural tourism development may be involved in immigration issues, is an ideal small town accept the place. rural tourism development with the small town construction, the construction of small towns according to the style tourist towns to control the small town into a tourist attraction in itself, an can also rely on the development of township enterprises of small towns, tourism business for example,0 deep processing of agricultural products and tourist mementoes production.
4. rural tourism development and ecological protection and build a combination of individuality, the road of sustainable development in rural tourism development
should cost,0 consideration to resource development and environmental coordination, prevent environmental pollution caused by tourism development and resource break puma shoes brown wrong, strengthening the alphabetical integration of ecological resources, cling to the development of tourism resources in the sustainable development way.
(e) The state should be given to rural tourism in the long-term policy, economic and technical support.
countries to long-term policy on rural tourism,
five finger shoes for women, economic and technical support is very needful. Many Studies show that rural tourism is laborious to bring the general high-yield, the national rural tourism development in addition to long-term economic and technical support, but also the development tendency of rural tourism development policies, and rural tourism development into the level tourism master development plan.
(f) strengthening community participation and training of farmers guidance, does increase the income of farmers to rural tourism development
agricultural, inspired recreations mens high degree of farmers and rural development attach, so that rural communities to become an important tourism industry. in rural tourism development can not be ignored in the role of farmers, rural tourism should Zuohuo, bigger, well, you must increase community participation, and strengthen the training and guidance for farmers to work stimulate the passion of farmers to do tourism and enhance the competence of farmers to do tourism, exertions to develop rural tourism with local characteristics, increased tourism receipts, the real benefit to farmers.
Overall development of rural tourism in order to increase their income to the kernel, to protect the village converge on the natural ecological environment, preserve rural and local characteristics, Distinctive, standardization, scale and brand integration of roads, rural tourism industry to accomplish the elementary objectives, and ultimately sustainable development of rural tourism.
Note: Some scholars believe that the domestic rural tourism is equivalent to agricultural tourism (agritourism), agricultural tourism generally translated as agrotourism.
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