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The Butterfly Effect
【】 【】 【frog phenomenon catfish crocodile effect of law】 【】 【】 【hedgehog rules herding】 ; Law】 【watch
Broken Window Theory
【】 【】 【twenty-eight Law Matthew barrel theory】 【】 【】 【logic cage diffusion of responsibility Parkinson's Law effects】 【】
halo effect
【】 【】 【Hawthorne effect of knowledgeable helplessness test witness memory】 【】 【】 【Rosenthal Effect of artificial compassion deviation】
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】 【Butterfly Effect Butterfly Effect: 70s of last century, an American meteorologist named Lorenz system theory in the interpretation of the ventilation, said one of the Amazon rainforest vibration of the butterfly wings occasionally, perhaps two weeks can cause a hurricane in Texas.
the butterfly effect is that the very small changes in initial conditions proceeded to augment behind its future status will cause a very magnificent distinction. Some small asset can be confusing, and some small things, such as amplified along the system, then an organization, a country is very essential to not confused.
today's business, its fate is also subject to the Consumers increasingly believe that feeling, so the brand consumption, shopping environment, the attitude of ... ... the value of these elusive factors will be their choice. So by the time a little attention, we can accessible see that some management practices, sound fancies in their companies will appear in this sentence:
name of customer, the only one not satisfied arrogance so you can say only 1% of the failure, but for the customers, he gets 100% is not satisfied.
today, enabling enterprises to alteration the destiny of the The emergence of competition and other news conveyances, businesses sit and worry-free growing potential of micro-monopoly and open competition so namely enterprises must consider all potential factors that affect evolution.
streamlining, officials laid off, the abolition of welfare housing and other measures to give speed up people away from the orthodox security, is followed to decide on their own fate. The combination of organizational and individual emancipation is the result: Who can occupy the good life
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phenomenon】 【
frog frog phenomenon: a frog into hot water directly into the jug, because of its adverse reactions are quite acute context, it will immediately bound out the pot outside. If you put a frog into a pot of cold water and slowly heated, the frog will not swiftly jump out of the pot, the water temperature gradually additional the ultimate sequel is to be boiled frog died because the water temperature so lofty that the frog can not stand, it has been too late, or there is no ability to jump out the pot outside.
frog phenomenon tells us that a number of evolution events, they often reason people to vigilant, and disposed to occasion deadly it is in the feel-good circumstances, the gradual deterioration of the tangible location, there is no remove placard.
revelation is this: the survival of our organization and the main threat to society, not from sudden events but by slow and gradual process and can not find the formation. It short-sighted, only to see local, but can not see the huge picture, for the sudden change, you can calmly face, silence place for a big change, but can not discover, and afterward will bring us even more serious injure! ~
Revelation of the second is: the frog, as if all alive entities in our lives, we must look to the future, industrious in thinking of current problems, eager to learn new knowledge, can not be too with brandy, drunk today
The third revelation is: today's society is a knowledge outbreak, the ever-changing, knowledge also need to constantly update, so we should not blindly obsessed with the status quo, complacent, lazy, if this continues, will surely be eliminated as long ass, there will be faced with the risk of unemployment! The fourth
revelation: we do not simply, only the face of sudden danger, to the neglect of that teeny mini slow and dangerous, because tiny of the kind of slow and small dangerous, is the most horrible!
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crocodile alligator law rule: its ambitious is to suppose that a crocodile bite your feet,Womens Lacoste Carnaby Trainers, if you hand to attempt to break your legs, crocodiles will also bite you feet and hands. The more you struggle, the more to be bitten. In the event crocodile bite your feet, your only way is to sacrifice one foot.
example, in the stock market, crocodiles rule is: when you find yourself trading in the direction away from the market, must immediately stop, without anybody lag and shall not have anyone fortune.
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】 【catfish effect

ago, sardines cheap survival rate during transportation. After it was found that, if put a catfish in the sardines, the situation is somewhat improved, the survival rate will be greatly enhanced. This is why it?
Had catfish in to a strange environment, will be to the stirring effect; and sardines found in more than a This problem is solved hypoxia sardines, and sardines, will not die.
When an organization working to achieve a more stable state, often manner lower employee motivation, An organization, if there is always a
It is manifested in two aspects, one enterprise to continue to increase new blood to bring those vibrant, fast thinking, a new force of young and even the introduction of workforce management, to those complacent, idle staff and bureaucratic conformist competitive pressure to raise The second is to continue to introduce new technologies, new processes, new equipment, new management concepts, so as to empower enterprises to fighting the tide waves in the market, improve survivability and malleability.
catfish effect on the applying, there are catfish in effect in the application of human resource management, leadership activities in the application, specifically including the establishment of a competitive machinery, experienced of opening, guiding manner changes and so on. But I think that catfish effect analysis and application of distant more than this. Different perspective of thinking, discover and solve the problem is another.
First, if the representative body catfish leader.
leaders influence others to complete the mission that the individual or collective, in the flat carton of sardines, sardines, a character of a group of highly homogeneous group, similar to their skill level lack of innovation and initiative, overstaffing, inefficiency, the whole organization is a bloated state, and the appearance of the leader catfish (or evolved among the sardines catfish), new broom sweeps clean, straighten penalty , normative systems, transformation process,Lacoste Canvas Trainers, the reasonable delivery of jobs and people, fiscal, material, business has been gradual promotion in the organization, cut down costs, simplify the bloated body, unable of sardines to be eaten, driven away, there are ability of sardines have a positive incentive, such a thriving scene showing the entire organization, a leader in the catfish under the leadership of the vitality of the entire organization are mustered, so that the collective power of more powerful, dominate the mall, maintain market have a solid basis.
From this perspective, catfish leaders should have the following characteristics:
1 - act decisively, resolutely: fast observation of ailments where the stagnant organization, and to cut the Gordian knot, quickly and effectively solve the problem.
2 - their words, the strong style of work: technological decision-making and to oversee the implementation of decision-making, timely assessment of the effectiveness of policies.
3 - promoting innovative, results-oriented: to promote innovation, create an atmosphere that encourages innovation, from business processes, job design, staff recruitment and allocation, assessment and other aspects of wage design and reflects the innovative thinking, creative expression of the profits.
4 - need for achievement, forward-looking vision: a short-and long-term development plans and objectives, can foretell the direction of organizational development and human resources and the future of the existing gap, which can effectively identify future artist, slit out drag is not suitable for development of the union workers.
5 - System Perspective, dare to change: the ability to scrutinize the inside and outside the organization system from the system changes in the building and function, we ought not only regard themselves as chapter of the organization (as disapproved to fishermen, who are themselves leading catfish sardines, fishermen are the leaders), and ought see itself as a leader in small systems, can send the staff to open the situation, break the routine, making good benefits.
for leadership in the leadership struggle for the common goal of employee groups, if there are catfish characteristics of the leader, then the way to survive is in film, to activate their energy, at least To synchronize the speed and catfish, and to ensure the same direction (business goals), so as not to be eaten catfish to catch up, or pushed by other sardines last suffocated.
Second, if the catfish on benefit of a membership of the team.
then it means that new, strange, different, including different views, different behaviors, different habits, because different, will influence knowledge, a team needs different personalities, different skills and work experience of different people to combine, if we are all all-staff, then the team produce imaginative, the potentiality of producing high performance is minimal. In the focus on team mansion, communication to the team today, appropriate to attract catfish to connect the team, will give the team a lively working atmosphere, bringing innovation and bring win-win. However, the number of catfish should be controlled, all catfish, then the whole team will be exist, the whole team to foul, so some Japanese companies believe in fact. From this perspective, the team should focus on healthy catfish molecular communication, influence the shape, the other employees deal with the team in the catfish, it should work on the foundation of their cooperation.
Again, if catfish content of the work on behalf of people in high spirits.
immediately many companies, organizational structure and job chart is still a subject of a major transformation process, unreasonable, boring, no prospects, humdrum boring job content so that people feel like a bucket of sand crowded Like the small fish, not passion, not willing to thinking pile up locations to enhance, resulting in the formation of the collective inertia slowly. If the job enlargement, enrichment catfish effect applied to job devise (Jobdesigning), and that the organization's financial contribution is obvious. How anxious, passionate work of catfish into the pond of stagnant water in it? This is a difficult learning, it was debated from the curtate and perpendicular expansion of the coverage of work, deepening the work content, for employees to experience the wealth of work activities, work experience achievements, so that they reflect the face of challenging and exciting nature of work excitement and desire; was advocated increased use of staff circulation in the way of talent, so that they work more joy catfish swim; I maintain that the application of these measures in the meantime also pay attention to the character of people and job matching, catfish will to do things catfish, sardines, sardines things to do, post in the work only to have the content of catfish also work with the content of sardine, the most important thing is to find staff preferences, look at those work can allow them to generate power and passion catfish, and only after the mate, catfish effects can melodrama its character, or catfish, however work is set, only to discover that the work of the staff can not be moved, fighting for, then this catfish has become a dead fish.
From this perspective, the go of catfish in the content of the work represents the rich, it is full of enthusiasm Zequan Li, challenging job expectations, fresh experience of the other posts and so on. For chairmen and human resource directors, if by work setting catfish work,Lacoste Shoes, what class to set in work catfish, will be an organization's tactics.
synopsis, from a different point of view, the representative of the content of catfish are different, for a practitioner, leadership may be the catfish, then your best efforts to maintain the same direction and organization, Do not swim back, otherwise there is danger of creature dined, all full of passion to the upwards and maybe 1 day you chance a catfish, a group of sardines to grab up the struggle; your colleagues may be catfish, That and his Competition Competition to see who is surging energy greater; your catfish may also be lower, then the incentive to grow under the same period, do not forget to give yourself enrich my knowledge, maintain a mighty development impetus, or you have under the risk of creature dined; your work may likewise have catfish, it is rational arrangements for their own work, prioritize, work catfish swim to the more delight, it is best to stir up work on some level .
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herding herding: sheep where to go, where to go behind the sheep to follow.
herding stock investment was first a term mainly refers to the investors in the transaction process in learning and imitation phenomenon, the same in a certain period of time trading stocks.
herding theory (The Effect of Sheep Flock)
placed horizontally in front of a stick in a flock of sheep, the first sheep jumped in the past, the second , and a third will follow the jump in the past; this time, the withdrawal of the mallet, behind the sheep, waded here, and still the same as the sheep in front of ascent jump, antagonism the roadblocks of the stick no longer exist, this is called The Refers to the management of some enterprises in the market behavior of a prevalent phenomenon. It is due to not enough message and lack of understanding of the market tough for investors to make reasonable uncertainty about the future expectations, often by observing the behavior of people approximately the extraction of information, the continuous transportation of this information, Many people will be roughly the same information and mutually reinforcing, resulting in herding.
herd behavior is the field of behavioral finance as a typical phenomenon in the fashion financial theory can not annotate. Economics often use Sheep is a very dispersed organization, routinely with the left and right is blind kick, but once there was a sheep to move,Lacoste Tourelle Trainers, the other will without hesitation herd sheep, completely ignoring the wolf or close the front may have at a better grass. Therefore, the
the emergence of herding in general a very competitive industry, but also the industry has a leader (leader) occupies the main focus, then the entire flock will continue to imitate the leader's every move, the leader where to
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hedgehog hedgehog statute rule: two somnolent hedgehog, for chilly and owned together. May be because their body namely long with backbones, so they left some distance, but can no stand the cold, then obtain together. After a frustrating, 2 hedgehogs has finally base a suitable distance: either with each additional apt obtain the other's warm and was no subject to bar.
hedgehog law mainly refers to interpersonal relationships in the
French President Charles de Gaulle is a very people who will use the hedgehog rules. He had a motto: This is also deeply affected him and advisers, think tanks and their narrations staff. In his ten years of presidential years, he's the Secretariat, General Office and the General Staff and other private advisers and think tanks, no one's working years to more than two years. His newly appointed king of staff always say: requirements. This provision is based on two reasons: First, in his view, mobility is normal, while the fixation is not normal. This is subject to the impact of military practice, since the legion is moving, not always nailed in one place crews. Second, he did not want This indicates that de Gaulle is a major determination on their own thinking and to live the leader, he does not permit the people around me not quit. Only to mobilize in order to maintain a certain distance, and only maintain a certain distance in order to ensure consultants and staff with fresh thinking and resolve and full of vitality, it can eliminate the old lesson of time their use of consultants and staff on behalf of the President and the Government dishonesty.
Charles de Gaulle's reach is thought-provoking and admiration. There is no sense of distance, leadership policy-making over-reliance on the Secretary or a few people, cozy to make interference in servant businesses think tank personnel, and thus make the appoint of these people below the guise of leadership, seeking selfish interests, and finally plucked into the water leading cadres, the consequences are very precarious. Comparing the two, or better to preserve a decisive distance.
sometime premier of General Electric Company, Stone note in their work very personally hedgehog theory, principally in the treatment of middle and senior management on even more so. And treatment in the workplace issues, Stone never mean the care of executives, but in their baby boom, he never inquired for a guest home manager, never adopted their invitation. It is this distance to maintain an appropriate management of the business to make common Zhimakaihua steadily high. And employees to maintain a certain distance, not make you high on, it will make you and the staff were confused personality. This is one of the best administered state. Maintained by a certain distance to maintain the conviction, this conviction of equal treatment for all: both leaders bound themselves, but can be leap by employees. Grasp this principle, it mastered the mysterious of successful management.
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watch watch Law Law: Law is a person watches have a table, you can know what time it is, and when he has two not being able to determine. Two tables and can not tell a person more exactly time, so they will watch the people lose confidence in exact time.
watch law in business management gives us a very intuitive inspiration, is the same person or an organization can not be used with two different methods, can not set two different goals, and even each individual can not be two people to simultaneously command, or will the business or personal loss.
story
monkeys and table a group of monkeys live in the forest, when the sun rises each day they go out foraging, when the sun back to rest, the days flies flat and well-being.
a tourist via the forest, to watch a tree fall on the rocks by apes in the Smart Meng may
do the Monkey King, Hard work pays off,
but When a subordinate to ask the time, After some time, the monkeys were revolted, the But soon, the new Monkey King is also facing
This is the famous More people watch and can not tell time more accurately, but will watch the people lose confidence in accurate time.
watch give us a very intuitive law of inspiration:
for any one thing, can not set two different goals, or they will make a loss ; for a person can not choose between two different values, or his behavior in chaos.
a person can not by two or more people to the mandate, otherwise the person will know what to do; for a business, is not at the same time using two different usages of management, otherwise the enterprise will not development. In this regard
AOL and Time Warner combination is a typical failure case. America Online is a young Internet company, corporate culture accentuated operational flexibility, rapid decision-making, quick to seize the market necessitate that all the objectives for the service. Time Warner to build long-term process of development emphasizes the honesty of the outlet and innovative corporate culture.
two companies after the merger, corporate senior management and is not a good solution to the clash of two values, resulting in staff completely confuse the direction of future development of enterprises. Finally, Time Warner and AOL century marriage ended in failure. It also indicates that, to figure out the time, a peregrination time table accurate enough.
select only you think is right
two tables and can not tell a person a more accurate time, but will watch the people lose confidence in the accurate time . You must do is to select the more reliable one, try to calibrate it and use it as your standard, follow its guidelines.
Nietzsche's famous saying: choose what you love, love your choice However, many people are troubled, they were
or others in the environment also under oppression against one chose the route I did not like, and therefore depressed life. Even if made the subject of attention of the achievements, but also never felt the joy of success.
in real life, we often meet a similar situation. Elective courses such as the two are you are amused in, but teaching time coincidence, and you do not have enough energy to learn another two courses, this time it is hard to choose. In the face of two equally good, equally enamored of your boys, you will certainly upset a long time, I do not know how to do a decision.
profession, the situation, no clear winner in the two handling elements, you will go from here? Every crossroads in life, we must face the
choice in the face of conflicts, we recommend using The so-called
Psychological research shows that Maybe you can not tell a clear cause, but through psychological senseless, under normal circumstances can make the best decision to encounter the needs of individual psychology. Here that the subconscious, in fact, we often mention the first impression.
essence philosophy: extra alternatives, more criteria will make people muddled.
Application Tips: clear goals, without interference; know how to choose, the location is put.
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broken window theory Broken Windows Theory: a house if the windows broke, no one to fix it, reiterate it presently, other windows will be broken somehow; a wall, If there are some graffiti has not been cleansed, and soon, on the wall covered with a muff of things unsightly; a very clean place, people are embarrassed to rubbish, litter on the floor but once there, the people will mm do not hesitate to dart, did not feel ashamed.
Broken Window Theory 1

also called Some people deem that this methodology is the 19th-century French economist Frederic Bastiat, as the target of criticism and amounted up, saw the famous story, The Hazlitt said that if a baby broke the window, people will inevitably lead to replacement of broken window cup, which would make the installation of glass and glass production people began to enhance social employment.
Here, savants to illuminate the children's behavior and the behavior of the government could have consequences, accordingly entirely negating the Keynesian policy of government intervention. The unlock of this misbelief in the flood, put the earthquakes, put the in the campaign, it seems very suitable.
also called the Broken Windows Theory 2
broken window broken window effect, if necessary repaired, will lead to more broken windows, and even plenary establishing was destroyed. By the American political scientist and criminologist Karen Wilson detection summary of the
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Law】 【twenty-eight

twenty-eight law (Pareto's law): the late 19th early 20th century Italian economist Pareto that in any group of things, the most important only a small part, about 20%, though a crowd of the remaining 80%, but it is secondary. About 80% of social wealth is concentrated in the hands of 20%, while 80% of people with only 20% of the social wealth. This statistical imbalance in the social, economic and life everywhere, this is the twenty-eight law.
twenty-eight rules narrate us, do not mean to examine, process and look at the problem, business and treatment to collar the vital few; to identify those who can cater a 80% profit, the total but only 20% of the sum of key buyers, strengthen services to accomplish a multiplier achieve; business leaders to work seriously on the classification inquiry, it is essential to solve the chief exertion on opener issues, focus on major projects.
20% ------------------ 80% of people who successfully unsuccessful
20% of the people to make money with the neck above the nape -------- 80% less money
20% of people think positive -------------- 80 % of negative thinking
20% buy time to ---------------- the people who sell 80% of the time
; 20% of people looking for a nice employee ---------- 80% of people looking for a good job
20% of people dominate the repose ------- ------- 80% dominated by people who do
20% ---------------- 80% of business people to do
20% of people do amount experience -------------- 80% of people accompany magnitude to training
20% of people consider that movements have results ------ 80% of people consider that perception is power
20% of the people I want to how to do it 80% of people have money ------ I money, how do I
20% of people love Investment ---------------- 80% love shopping
20% ---------------- 80% of targeted people adore Xia Xiang
20% of folk questing for answers in the answer - ------- 80% of the people in reply to ascertain the problem
20% of people in long-term perspective ------------ 80% of the momentary
20% of people the chance -------------- 80% of people missed the opportunity
20% of people maneuver for the future -------------- 80% of people merely think of the morning act
20% today, according to the successful experience of the person to act -------- 80% of people according to their own wishes
20% of the people to do easy things ---------- 80% of people do not want to do simple things
; 20% of people do today, tomorrow ------ 80% of people do things today, tomorrow, do
20% of people how to do it ---- -------- 80% of people can not do
20% to 80% of people taking notes ---------------- Forgetfulness is a good
20% of people who were affected by the success of -------- 80% of people affected by the failure of people
20% -------------- people in good shape 80% of people have a wrong opinion
20% of people believe they will succeed ------- ------- 80% of the people do not want to change the environment
20% of people will never praise, encourage -------------- 80% never abusive, criticizing
20% of people will insist -------------- 80% of people would give up
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】 【Barrel Theory
tub theory: the makeup of the embark whether the length of the lacking barrels,Lacoste Radiate Croc Trainers, then the bucket of water is not resolved Sheng was the longest chip of wood, and It depends above the shortest chip of wood.
bucket effect is like a bucket full of water, the same must be flush with each board and no abuse, if only in a wooden barrel or a missing block of wood underneath the cavity, this barrel can not be filled with water. Is that a bucket can be How much water does not depend on the longest piece of wood, but on the shortest piece of wood. Also known as short-board effect. A bucket no matter how high, its water arsenal is highly dependent on where the lowest piece of wood.
principle known as buckets or short panel theory, buckets short board management theory, the so-called How many water does not depend on the maximum piece of wood on the sides of casks, but rather depends on the shortest piece on the sides of casks. According to this core content, Second, by the time the bucket, there are a ample elevation, a bucket of water can not be full.
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Matthew】 【

Matthew: , even he has will be taken from him. fields. Its name comes from the Bible
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logic】 【cage
a smart cage hanging in the chamber where the most famous, a few days, the employer will make one of the following two options: throw away the cage, or buy back on a bird cage. This is the cage logic. The process is simple, dream you are the landlord of the room, at all times people entered the room and saw the cage, they can not help but ask you: kept a bird. Cage logical reason is simple: most of the time people are taking the inertia of thinking. It can be seen in the life and work develop logical thinking how important it is.
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diffusion of liability effect
】 【年 3 月 13
1964 日夜 3 时 20 points outside of an room in New York before a male named Juno young women than the white bar at the end of the access family from work between manslaughter. When she cried out in despair: When anything is lull, the killer returned to perpetrate a crime. When she exclaimed, the handy residents and the light switch, the attackers then fled. When she has nought to do that, go back to their family upstairs, the killer another arose ahead her, to kill her on the stairs. In the process, even whereas she hurrahed for help, her neighbors, at least 38 to the skylight to watch,Womens Lacoste Shua Trainers, but no one to liberate her, no one even phoned the police. This caused a stir in New York society, but also fascinated the attention of social psychologists and thinking. It is considered a colossal number of bystanders disregarding the phenomenon known as diffusion of responsibility effect.
dispersion effect for the formation of responsibility reasons, psychologists have done a lot of experiments and surveys found that: this phenomenon can not just say that all of the heartless, or moral decay of the rendition increased. In different occasions, people's acts of assistance there is a difference. When a person in an emergency situation, if it were not for he can provide help, he would clearly conscious of their responsibilities, provide aid to the sufferers. If he refused to help generate feelings of guilt, feelings of guilt, which requires disbursing a high psychological price. And if the presence of many people, help the responsibility for seeking help from the people to share, resulting in fragmentation of responsibility, the responsibility of each person to share very few observers and even that may not even his own sense of a responsibility not to produce A How to break this situation, which is being studied by psychologists is an important heading.
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Parkinson's law】 【
noted British historian
North Goode Parkinson through long-term research, jot a book called In his paperback, agent personnel explained the reasons for and consequences of inflation: an incompetent officials, there may be three ways, first is the application for resignation, the seat give capable people; the second is to make a competent person to help their work; third appointment of two levels lower than they were when the co-worker. This first way is absolutely Zou Bude, because that would lose many rights; second way can not go, because that would be capable of their competitors; seems that only a third way most appropriate. As a outcome, two mediocre assistant sharing his work, he is high above orders, they will not pose a threat to their rights. Since the inability of two assistants, they calling the shots, then two more for his inability to find an assistant. And so on, to form a bloated, overstaffed, wrangling with each other, inefficient leadership system.
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halo effect
】 【
famous Russian literary immense Pushkin Zengyin role halo effect suffered a great deal. He was fanatically in love with is called Natan Li looks surprising, but with different channel sub-Puhi Jin-Zhi. When the time to write verse Pushkin read it to her time. She always covered their ears and said: decease duel, a literary giant to fall prematurely. Appears in Pushkin, a beautiful matron is bound to have great wisdom and noble character, however, is not the case, a phenomenon known as the halo effect.
the so-called halo effect, that is, interpersonal communication, people who display the characteristics of a particular aspect, cover the other functions, resulting in interpersonal cognitive disorders. In daily life, For example, some disadvantage of the retired individual young people, or wear, habits and find it unacceptable to think that they necessarily good for nothing; some young people a thing about the admiration of friends, you will see him everywhere lovely, actually the so-called Halo effect is a sweeping subjective psychological speculation, the mistake is: First, it is easy to grab the individual characteristics and habits of individual push and, fair like Mangrenmoxiang as a point on behalf of the surface; the second It is not intrinsically linked to some of the personality or physical characteristics related with the declaration that such features are bound to have other characteristics; Third, it definitely said yeah to all that bad on all the negate, which is a utter domination by the proclivity of subjective prejudice. In short, the halo effect is the interpersonal relationships in a great psychological impact on people with cognitive impairment, we have contacts to try to avoid and conquer the side effects of halo effect.
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】 【Hawthorne effect a psychological experimenter effect. 20-30 annuals of the 20th centenary, U.S. researchers in the Chicago Western Electric Company Hawthorne factory's working conditions, social factors and the relationship among creation efficiency experimenter effect found in experiments, said Hawthorne effect.
the first period of the experiment in November 1924 from the starting of the working conditions and productivity of the relationship between the test group and control group. Increase or control the results regardless of illumination in the tentative group yields are mushrooming, but the same illumination output of the control group also increased. In increase, tests of the wages paid, the coffee break time, the length of daily and newspaper number of days of work and other factors, can not see these working conditions, there is a direct impact on production efficiency. The second phase of the trial by the U.S. Mayo led by Harvard professor, focuses on social factors and the relationship between productivity and found that the production efficiency is mainly caused by the experimenter in the spirit of the great changes have taken place. Participate in the trial of the workmen were placed in special laboratory researchers led by their social conditions changed, the concerns from all sides, creating a sensibility of participating, feel that they are an important part of the corporation, so employees aspects from the social point of view are stimulated to promote the production boost.
This effect tells us that when students or their attention or attention by the public, the study and would greatly increase the efficiency of communication. Therefore, in our daily lives with others learn to get according and understand what kind of behavior is preferred by students and teachers and gratitude, and we can only live and learn and continually increase their good behavior, it may be more people's attention and gratitude, but also can make our learning progress, full of confidence!
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experimental】 【learned helplessness learned helplessness effect
premier Overmyer and West Sigman found later in beast and human studies have been warmhearted argued. Simply put, many experiments show that trained dogs can across the barriers or engage in other behavior to avoid the impact the experimenter added to it. However, if the dogs are not expected before (do not know when to come) and can not be controlled by electric shock (such as interruption of cordless shock or not does not depend on the dog's behavior), when the dog was the accident to escape electric shock, they have changed was incapable to escape. Moreover, the dogs also showed other failings, such as frustration and depression, reduced motivation and so on.
dog show why this situation is due early in the experiment learned a sense of helplessness. That is, they accomplish that no matter what their own can not control the termination shock. In each experiment, the shock is terminated under the control of the experimenter, and the dog will be aware of their inability to change the external control, to learn a sense of helplessness.
person who had learned helplessness to become a deep despair and sadness. Therefore, we should study and life in the open their eyes a little and see the real events behind the decision factors, do not make our own despair.
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】 【
witness witness's memory, in our understanding of where, usually to provide some objective testify, that his own saw, listened at the outset hand what truthfully people who talk out. However, psychological research shows that the testimony of many witnesses are not very accurate, or that is a personal preference, with private views and awareness.
witness proof of their confidence and their testimony can not determine the accuracy of the results of this learn is startling. Mrs fees can be special and psychologist Howard Springs judged that further study conclusions. In order to investigate whether the testimony of witness someone special, they will witness memory and the memory of general knowledge were compared.
they make were shown a short movie is about the kidnapping of a girl. The afterward day, to answer some of the subjects in the content of the video and asked them to tell the degree of confidence in their answer, then do a recognition memory test. Next, use the same method, the content of renowned literature from the encyclopedia and the general knowledge of selected issues.
the same place as before, Perot fees can be special and Howard Springs also found that the accuracy of the witness recalled, those confident of their answers than those who do not actually have no confidence people greater, but for general knowledge, the situation is not the circumstance, people with high confidence in memories of people who score better than the lack of confidence.
people in the common knowledge approximately their strengths and disabilities with self-knowledge. Therefore, tend to modify their test results for the confidence scale. General knowledge is a database, is shared between individuals, it has acknowledged the correct answer, the subjects can work measure. For example, people will kas long asthe publish of whether in amusements or even about better than others. However, the event witnessed the shock from such self-knowledge. For example, on the whole, they are unlikely to know the event than others, the participants in the memories area cilia color better alternatively worse.
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Rosenthal Effect】 【

Rosenthal, American psychologist, who in 1968 conducted a famous experiment. Them to a primary co-optation in the three sixth grade classes of the children making a fuss of the In fact, this account is not decisive according to test results, but randomly chose. It is based on 8 months after, another comprehension test results showed that, the list of general improvement in student achievement, teachers also gave their good behave reviews. This experiment has achieved amazing results, It is considered by teachers to students the subtle psychological effects, so that teachers expect students to achieve the progress of the phenomenon, known as the Pygmalion (Pygmalion of Cyprus in Greek mythology, the potentate, he produced a statue of a girl he loved his lust to finally make this into a real sculpture, the two fall in love with.)
educational practice also shows that: if a preceptor favor some of the students, they will have high expectations, after a period of time, students feel the teachers care, love and encouragement; often a positive attitude towards teachers towards learning and their behavior towards the students more self-esteem, confidence, self-love, self-induce a assured passion, these students often anticipate teachers to obtain progress. In compare, teachers who are ignored, discriminated against students from the teacher's speech over time, form, facial expressions of teachers felt the requirements; these students often worse day by day, and finally diluted to the bad ingredients of society. Despite some exceptions, but the trend is that, when it also sounded the bell for teachers.
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deviation】 【false sympathy

we usually believe that our love is the same with most people. If you like playing computer games, then it may overestimate the number of people like microcomputer games. You will usually overestimate the students to vote on their favorite mathematics, overestimate their own prestige in the population and leadership and so on. This overestimation of your behaviors and attitudes you have the same tendency of the number of features is called Some factors that may affect your share of this false bias strength:
(1) When an external attribution was stronger than the internal attribution;
(2) new behavior or events when a person is very important;
(3) When you are very sure of their point of view, or believe that the time;
(4) When your status or some kind of natural life and learning be threatened;
(5) When it comes to a positive When the quality or role;
(6) When you and other people as when they are alike.