Airbus

Airbus (Airbus SAS), is a European civil aircraft manufacturing company, founded in 1970 in France, from Germany, France, Spain and the United Kingdom co-founded. Airbus, Europe's largest arms supplier by the manufacturer EADS (EADS-European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company) owned.
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Introduction to compete with Boeing's philosophy and culture in China from the challenger to industry leader as a blank target Every sincere cooperation and constant innovation to keep challenger mentality, bus (Airbus), 1970 年 established in Toulouse, France. The creation of companies from countries including France, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom. September 1967, France, Germany and Britain (the British Government because of funding problems and exit) the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), to begin work on the development of Airbus A300. This is the second in Europe after Concorde's second major joint development of aircraft program. Airbus from Europe's two largest arms supplier manufacturer European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS, 80% shares) and British Aerospace Systems (BAE, 20% of shares) jointly owned. Airbus, a European airline company as a joint venture was created primarily to do with the Boeing and McDonnell Douglas of the U.S. firms. 60 years in Europe in the 20th century competition between aircraft manufacturers like the U.S., too intense, so in the mid 60s on the experimental methods and Cooperation in Europe began talks. Compete with Boeing's main manufacturing Airbus civilian transport aircraft. By the European Union, France, Germany, Britain and Spain, four countries jointly established aerospace company, since its inception in 1970, and gradually developed into a major competitor Boeing, the Boeing Company in the amount of civil transport aircraft market, Airbus were constantly being eroded, The two sides started almost face to face in the global battle orders. Both sides in the fierce competition, but also constantly accused each other of engaging in Boeing's government accused the four countries, Airbus offers a number of subsidies, as well as the purchase of Airbus aircraft, airlines provide low interest loans, in violation of relevant rules of the World Trade Organization; and in turn accused Airbus and Boeing The contractor also received huge government subsidies. Giving rise to the U.S. and the EU trade disputes between governments. High-level managers are also using a variety of occasions played the bickering. Philosophy and culture from the start, Airbus adhering to listen to and meet customer needs, business philosophy. All of our new ideas, new technologies and new materials are designed to create a more comfortable and efficient aircraft to meet passenger expectations and airline demand, so that the company's market share is increasing. Airbus to reform the corporate culture, innovation and free thinking as a basis. Organization to retain our cultural and linguistic diversity, based on forms of work to ensure smooth cross-border, the company's multi-cultural development has thus become the main asset of the company. In 1985 China imported the first Airbus aircraft. In 1994, Airbus China Co., Ltd. was established and opened an office in Beijing. For more than 20 years, Airbus provides Chinese customers with the advanced Airbus products, so far active in mainland China, the number of Airbus aircraft has more than 330. At the same time, Airbus and China put forward a comprehensive long-term development partnership goals, and actively carry out cooperation in China's aviation manufacturing industry. July 2005, Airbus (Beijing) Engineering Centre was officially opened in Beijing. Airbus has also established a comprehensive and centralized service mechanism, stationed in 20 cities in China, customer service and technical support service stations,discount vibram five fingers, and in 1997 spent $ 80,000,000 in Beijing established an advanced training and support center. October 26, 2006, Airbus in Beijing and the Tianjin Free Trade Zone, China Aviation Industry Corporation I and China Aviation Industry Corporation II consortium consisting of China signed the A320 series in China to build a framework for aircraft assembly line agreement. May 15, 2007, the Airbus A320 series aircraft in Tianjin final assembly line in Tianjin Binhai New Area was started. China Aviation Industry Group, the helicopter company's Harbin Aircraft Industry Group Co., Ltd (Hafei Group) and other Chinese partners and Airbus China January 30 (local time) in Madrid, Spain signed the Center Co., Ltd. joint venture contract Hafei Aviation Industry Group Chairman Pang and construction of Airbus China President Laurence Barron in the joint venture contract was signed. Under the contract, the joint venture will be set up in 2009, the Airbus A350 XWB wide-body aircraft, the main components produced by the project. Challenger to industry leader from 2003, the Airbus is a dream come true for one year. To the end of August, the delivery status of their aircraft over the rival Boeing for the first time, if the inspection backlog, Airbus also has reached 1543, 400 more than rival aircraft. Last year, Airbus also to Aimed at a blank piece of each Airbus was established in 1970, the civil aircraft market is dominated by Boeing, and Boeing has seating from 100 to 400 series of aircraft seating. As new recruits on the market, Airbus is clearly not enough capital to confront the front and Boeing, Airbus, Boeing chose not had time to cover the gaps in the market. 100-120 seat aircraft at the time, there is the Boeing 737-200; in the 150-180 seat aircraft, there is Boeing's 727,707; in 400 large aircraft, there are 747. Airbus is Boeing's first saw in the air when --220-270 between seat aircraft and the launch of its first kinds of models A300, get market recognition. Strong competition from Boeing then launched 757,767. Airbus eyes to another empty again --- between when the Boeing 737, Boeing 150 aircraft between 757 to launch in the future Airbus A320 series aircraft, the largest sales. Airbus this line of thinking continues today. In the era of the last century, the introduction of more than 300 of the A340, 330 series aircraft, and began manufacturing in the new century, the world's largest aircraft A380, Boeing 40 years to break the monopoly status of more than 400 aircraft. Aiming point blank, must not only reflected in the choice of the aircraft seat. Each Airbus aircraft design, small size chairs, must go through in-depth market analysis and comparison with competitors for the full, the famous Same single-aisle aircraft, A300 than 7 inches wide and opponents. Earlier, Airbus had a lot of market research, found that many clients report that when Boeing single-aisle passenger feels a little narrow, often laden containers should open to. Therefore, a 7-inch wider A300 aircraft, making passengers more comfortable ride, most of the non-checked baggage can be easily passed and the cargo, the operation is able to accommodate two LD3 containers by customers. Cooperate in the development history of Airbus, partners from different countries work together is an important factor in its success. The late 60s of last century, many European countries have their own aircraft manufacturing company, but its total market to 10% of the world than a monk. Europe needs its own aircraft industry, for which France, Germany, Britain, Spain, co-sponsored by the four countries, integration of the European aircraft manufacturer, Airbus set up. Within a country more than a business combination with Shangqie not easy, not to mention a number of companies --- a number of countries with different languages, cultural differences, historical backgrounds, operating in different ways. However, it is important that all businesses are aware of, if not union, Boeing will not fight with the powerful, can not participate in challenges. Government's promotion of the four countries, different companies to do everything. Made good on the wing specializing in wings, tail made good on the development of vertical tail, the last final assembly. It can be said of every Airbus aircraft, each a profit, are all the result of sincere cooperation. There will always be differences between enterprises, how to deal with? Airbus proposed Each production processes have on the whole service process management, the system is more important than people. It is this set of strict management, so that Airbus, through the initial Innovative mindset to keep challengers off the air, Airbus appears as a latecomer to the industry, never more than others to imitate others, the key is innovation. To provide more comfortable than the competition, lower cost, more profitable products, is the starting point of Airbus and the end result of innovation. Airbus took the lead in the introduction of civil aircraft in fly-by technology. Previously, the joystick has been driving through a heavy metal cable and the pulley system and a complex manipulation of control surfaces attached to the aircraft. The fly-by technology will be advanced computer technology used in aircraft control, in the driver's life easier, they also reduce the weight of the aircraft, thereby reducing fuel consumption and greatly reduce the airline's operating costs. Airbus is also a universal one big Through a series of technical innovations, from the 100-seat Airbus A318 to the 555-level class A380 aircraft, from the true sense of achieving the same cockpit, systems, and similar handling characteristics. Pilots from this model to the model, simply by differences in training without having to complete the full conversion training, training period no longer than 8 days. It also enables airlines to set up the possibility of mixed fleet flying. According to estimates, the aircraft's versatility, so that each new Airbus aircraft for the fleet to save at least 100 million U.S. dollars. Continue to innovate and create products that allow customers to more profitable, Airbus gradually so the market has won recognition in 1995, entered the period of rapid growth and catch up with Boeing, as an industry leader. Leaders from the challenger to Airbus, said the mentality to keep challengers to innovation and development. Today, the world's largest aircraft - the Airbus A380 being manufactured, although each with purchase of up to 2.3-2.6 billion, but has received 129 orders for the world. Airbus still continue to challenge the market to challenge yourself. The face of the industry giant, then, are there any chance of success, how to challenge? Airbus will surely experience the challenges many enterprises to enlightenment. yet another victory, the European champion in the world, the status of the aircraft manufacturing industry has been further established. Regional integration to succeed, must be a number of important economic sectors in a number of successful large-scale joint projects as a link, to support the development of economic integration. If only the wishes of politicians, the integration will always stay in the empty and grammaticalization. Regional integration must be related to the national industrial firm political will and determination. By the formation of a large multinational enterprises, especially in the symbol of national independence and sovereignty of the aircraft industry, easier said than done. Market is not always rational, far-reaching political significance of economic integration, the spontaneous market forces alone is difficult to achieve. Therefore, people can not help but admire the vision of politicians in Europe that year. Implementation of the regional industrial complex, and win-win goals while adhering to the relevant national and local business interests must have a willingness to sacrifice. Airbus was founded in the beginning of the 60s of last century, although many countries in Western Europe has its own aircraft industry, but because of the power scattered, fragmented, no single country in Europe can not compete with the powerful United States. United is the only way out of Europe. But, like It can be said To give immediate partners and the local interests is the Atlas Atlas entry for more extended reading: 1
aircraft, Europe 2. Airbus Airbus family of aircraft
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A300 Series Introduction the main types of Introduction to the main A340 Model A340 series introduces the main models of the main model A380 Series A350 Series Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction to the major models of the Airbus A300 series 300 is the European Airbus Industries in France, Germany, Britain, the Netherlands and Spain, developed with government support double-wide-body aircraft. September 1969 started to develop, in October 1972 Airbus 300B1 prototype maiden flight in May 1974 delivered to Airbus Pictures (20) with. Has delivered more than 500 pieces. A300 became the first aircraft pilots just two wide-body aircraft, A300 and A310 digital cockpit, has become the industry reference model. A310 is the first aircraft cockpit with electronic flight instrumentation and electronic flight monitor the central plane. Another innovation is the use of electronic signals, replacing the previous cable operator from the control plane. Main models A300B1 prototype. Only the production of two, Captain 50.97 meters, installed two CF6-50A turbofan engine. A300 B2-100 initial production. On the basis of the B1-type extended fuselage 3, a total of 2.65 meters, an increase of 3 rows of seats, capacity increased to 331, put two CF6-50C turbofan engine. The first prototype flight in June 1973, March 1974 by the French and the German Airworthiness Authority Type Certificate, in May 1974 by the American Federal Aviation Administration type certification, May 30, 1974 began delivery. A300B2-200 similar to the A300B2-100, is installed in the wing root leading edge Krueger flaps. July 1976 first test flight in January 1977 into air routes. A300B4-100 long-range type. And commercial dimensions and A300B2-100 containing the same. In order to increase the range, increasing the amount of fuel and gross weight, range increased to 5930 km from 4261 km, in order to improve takeoff performance, wing root leading edge Krueger flaps install 3. December 26, 1974 first test flight in June 1975 delivery routes. A300B4-200 A300B4-100 on the basis of increased gross weight, strengthened wings, fuselage and landing gear, the rear fuselage added LD3 container cargo volume. When loaded with passengers and goods can reach 5,930 km range. A300C4 B4 cargo type, the main change is to increase cargo door with dimensions of 3.58 m × 2.95 meters. Strengthening the main cabin floor. The main cabin, smoke alarm system. Main cargo can be loaded with 12 sets of 2.5 m × 3.5 rice loading tray or 13 × 3.5 m 2.2 m set of loading plate, the upper cargo volume of 178 m 3. The total cargo volume of the whole machine 42 tons. November 1979 the factory, delivered in 1980. A300-600 B4 -200's improved, the main changes include: the design of the A310 with a new rear fuselage, arranged more than 2 rows of B4-type seats, mixed-class cabin capable of carrying 267 passengers and 35 tons of cargo can be. Increased flight distance of 6,500 kilometers, and its range than the 20% increase in B2-100, payload increase of 38%; to reduce the weight of the engine nacelle, a wingtip of each wing tip sails installation piece. With more advanced auxiliary power unit (Garrett Corporation GTCP331); use of digital avionics from the detection system, improved flight control system and the wheel and the anti-
Airbus A300
slip system; digital fuel indicator, various instruments replaced by the digital display, and to double the system cockpit; use of more powerful JT9D-7R4H1, CF6-80C2, or PW4156 turbofan engine. The program proposed in January 1980, the first test flight in July 1983, March 1984 by the French and German type certification airworthiness authorities, and then delivered. A300-600R -600 type of increase range type. Increased use of composite materials to reduce body weight, an increase in the tail of a fuel tank, range increased to 7802 km. First flight in 1987, delivered in 1988. As of the end of 1992, -600/-600R shared the order 227, has delivered 140. A300C passenger and cargo type. Increase in the front cabin of a high 2.57 m, 3.58 m wide and a large cargo door, the upper deck floor strengthened. Can be used for all passenger-type and mixed passenger and freight transport. All passenger-type layout of each row of 8, can carry 297 passengers; or contained 145 passengers and six 2.44 m × 3.17 米 set loaded disk; or containing 83 passengers and nine sets of loading tray or all loading, can be loaded with 20 sets of loading plate. Total tonnage of 47,395 kg. A300F 300C full cargo type. The passenger cabin of the original use of facilities all removed, the cabin windows all covered with metal plates. Program for the upper cargo hold 15 standard 2.24 m × 3.17 米 set of loading plate, the lower the total cargo volume of 50,695 kg tank. Installed on the main deck floor roll bar and rail systems. A300-600ST Airbus by Britain, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, the formation of a joint development and production of large civil aircraft company, to address the plant to the production of large parts of the aircraft delivered to the assembly plant for assembly of the transport problems a long time, has been using four Ancient than a 101 in March 13, 1993 the first test flight, the ancient remains than a conventional layout of the form 201, 4 turboprop engines installed, the maximum takeoff weight of 87.5 tons; body maximum diameter of 7.62 m cargo, cargo volume of 1409 cubic meters. With the development of Airbus aircraft types produced by the increase in aircraft size increase, the aircraft is becoming increasingly exposed in the use of load is small, the cabin volume of small, slow and required more manpower and maintenance cost disadvantages. In this case, A300-600ST For the development and production of development and production tasks. Compared with the A300-600R,onitsuka tiger mini, cargo doors for easy loading and unloading goods; to ensure the aircraft's heading and lateral stability, in addition to increasing the vertical tail, but is also fitted with two horizontal tail ends of the vertical stabilizer. ________________________________________ 2 A300 Series Introduction (2): A300-600ST aircraft, the A300-600R with the cockpit and systems, and to retain the aircraft wing and CF6-80C2 engines. While the and The largest U.S. military transport plane C-5A cargo volume of up and down and for the 1212 m3; Russia's transport safety and a 225 jumbo, its maximum takeoff weight is the world's largest, up to 600 tons, but the cargo volume is only 1210 cubic meters. The payload of 47 tons. Services for Airbus, which can carry the following are large; the most important parts of the company's A330 or A340 aircraft wing one, the longest parts of A310 aircraft before and after the fuselage, the largest component size or A330 A34O aircraft fuselage, or both A320 or A321 aircraft carrying two pairs of wings. September 13, 1994 37.7 m, maximum diameter of the middle body 7.7 meters Power Plant: Two General Electric CF6-80C2 turbofan A300-600 launch a common basic data: Wingspan: 44.84 m Length: 54.1 m passenger layout of the whole economy: 298 cockpit layout typical levels: 266 Empty weight: 90.1 tons maximum payload: 39.9 tons maximum gross weight: 165 tons Maximum fuel capacity: 62,000 liters of fuel the maximum available (standard): 49.8 tons maximum load range: 7500 km Power Plant: Two optional engine turbofan engine model: General Electric CF6-80 Series CF6-80C2A1 Pratt - Whitney PW4156 4000 Series Note: A300 has been discontinued in 2007, Introduction to A310 A310 A310 series is introduced European Airbus A300B Airbus developed on the basis in the 200-seat short-range passenger aircraft, the fuselage is shorter, with a new wing. July 1978 started to develop, 3 April 1982 the first prototype flight. 11 orders in March 1983 between the French and German Type Certificate, March 29, 1983 began delivery. The end of 1983 began an experimental installation of wingtip wing tip to reduce wing drag fan films, starting from May 1986 to deliver the A310-200 are equipped with wingtip fan film. Both models present a very small number of aircraft ordered. Model A310-200 A310 Type main basic, the end of 1983 began an experimental installation of wingtip wingtip fan films, experimental proof of this can reduce the resistance of 1% of the wing, starting from May 1986 to deliver the A310-200 are equipped with wing fan film shoot. Discontinued after February 1989, a total delivery of 85. A310-200C conversion type 200 passenger and cargo type, producing only one, the side cargo door modifications, Martin Holland delivered to airlines in 1984 and currently consists of Federal Express (FedEx) operations. Type 200 A310-200F cargo type, and from Airbus for the German company Federal Express (FedEx) from converted A310-200 type. First aircraft delivered in July 1994. A310-300 type 200 the increase range type, looks almost the same with the 200. For the current production models. A310-300F cargo type 300 A310-300 type of common basic data: Wingspan: 43.89 m Length: 46.66 m Cabin layout of the typical levels: 220 Empty weight: 80.8 tons maximum payload: 26.7 tons maximum takeoff Total weight: 150 tons Maximum fuel capacity: 61,070 liters of fuel the maximum available (standard): 49.8 tons Power Plant: Two optional engine turbofan engine model: General Electric CF6-80 Series CF6-80C2A2 Pratt - Whitney Company or PW4156A 4000 Series PW4152 A320 Airbus A310 aircraft series on Introduction to the European Airbus A320 series is developed by Airbus Industrie in the short-range twin 150-class aircraft. Including A318, A319, A320 and four A321 aircraft, all four aircraft have the same basic cockpit configuration, the same pilot as long as the receiving flight training, you can drive more than four different aircraft. This universal design also reduces maintenance costs and spare flight equipment inventory. A320 is a truly innovative aircraft, built for the single-aisle aircraft, a new standard, A320 wide cabin to the passengers as to provide greater comfort, which can be wider and more spacious cabin seats space, which fly farther than its competitors, faster, and thus has a better use of economy. Then they developed on the basis of larger and smaller, that is, 186 of the A321 and 124 seat A319, 107 seat A318.
Airbus A320
A320 series aircraft in the design of a Is the world's first use of fly-subsonic air transport system. The wing on the basis of the A310 wing has been improved, double-bubble fuselage cross section shape greatly improved baggage and cargo in the container shipping capacity. The comfortable and spacious cabin is currently the most popular 150-seat short-range passenger aircraft. May 1994, the Boeing Company to buy a used A320 aircraft on display at Boeing in Seattle as a way to inspire employees, this may be the largest Airbus honor. Airbus Model A320 major industrial company in July 1979 announced the A320 aircraft program, in December 1983 A320 program is officially launched, February 22, 1987 the first aircraft first flight, in February 1988 and by the Certificate of Airworthiness delivered. Main models: A320-100 type basic type, produced a total of 21. First delivery in March 1988 at Air France; A320-200 long-range type, the production line after the first 22 products, and the difference is the use of 100 center wing fuel tank, increasing the payload and range. The first aircraft delivered in July 1988 Ansett airlines. A320-200 basic data: Wingspan (m) 34.09 Captain (m) 37.57 Height (m) 11.76 standard two-class cabin layout of the passengers (persons) 150 cargo volume (cubic meters) 37.42 payload (tons) 16.3 Empty (ton) 41 largest tank capacity (L) 23,860 maximum gross weight (ton) maximum cruise speed of 0.82 Mach 73.5 range (km) 5000 power plant two CFM engine type turbofan engine CFM56-5 series of the company; IAE V2500 Company series; Pratt & Whitney PW6000 A321 Airbus Industrie of Europe the first fully completed project financing through the commercial. Directly derived from the stretched A320, A320, compared with an increase of 24% and 40% of the seating space in the wings before and after the addition of two emergency exit, partial extension of the wing, launched in May 1989 The project, March 11, 1993 flight, the same year on December 17 by the European airworthiness certificate, in January 1994 delivery. Main models: A321-100 type basic type; A321-200 model to increase range type, in April 1995 launched the project. The main parameters A321-200 Airbus A320 (7 shots) body width body length of 44.51 meters wingspan of 34.09 m 3.96 m Height 11.76 m Cabin length 34.44 m 3.70 m Maximum cabin width of the number of two-class cabin seat 186; a single-class seat 220 Number of cargo volume (cubic meters) 51.76 payload (tons) 21.6 Empty weight 48,200 kg Maximum fuel tank capacity (l) 29680 maximum gross weight 93,500 kg Maximum cruise speed of Mach 0.82 Service ceiling (m): 12000 full load range (km ) 5600 power plant two CFM engine type turbofan engine CFM56-5 series of the company, IAE V2500 Series A319 companies directly derived from the shortened A320 and A320 compared to 3.73 m short fuselage, the wing to reduce an emergency exit, the rear fuselage bulk cargo canceled. The project was launched in June 1993, August 1995 maiden flight in April 1996 by the Type Certificate, May delivery. Main models: A319 Basic, A319CJ type of business aircraft. A319-100 fuselage length of 33.84 m the main parameters of the body width of 3.96 meters wingspan of 34.09 m Height 11.76 m Length 23.77 m Maximum cabin width 3.70 m two-class cabin seat number 124, the number of single-class 142 seat cargo volume (cubic meters ) 27.64 payload (tons) 12.9 Empty weight 40,600 kg Maximum fuel tank capacity (L) 29,840 maximum gross weight 75,500 kg Maximum cruise speed of Mach 0.82, full range of 6,800 kilometers (3,700 miles) of two power plant models CFM turbofan engine company CFM56-5 series, IAE V2500 Series A318 1994 年 Company 4 26, the formal launch of A319 shortened hundred-seater passenger aircraft A318. A318 and A320 series, continue to maintain commonality, providing customers a new choice of one hundred-class passenger. January 15, 2002 flight, will be delivered. The main parameters A318 fuselage width of fuselage length 31.45 meters wingspan of 3.96 meters (m) 34.09 Height (m) cabin length of 21.38 m 12.56 Maximum cabin width 3.70 m two-class layout of blocks 107 cargo volume (cubic meters) 21.21 payload (tons) 11.1 Empty weight 39,300 kg Maximum fuel tank capacity (L) 23,860 maximum gross weight 68,000 kg Maximum range cruise speed of Mach 0.82, 6,000 km (3250 miles) of two power plant models CFM turbofan engine CFM56-5 series of the company, About Pratt & Whitney PW6122A330 series introduced Airbus A330 is Airbus Industrie of Europe of the world's major airlines in the 90's requirements, announced in January 1986 two-track development of two advanced wide-body aircraft. In addition to the number of engines and engine-related systems, both models have great commonality, they have 85% of the parts can be interoperable, using the same body, but different lengths, cockpit, wing , tail, landing gear and various systems are the same, which can reduce development costs. Both models also retains the high efficiency of A300/A310 aircraft fuselage cross-section design. April 1987 the European Bus Industry's decision two A330 and A340 models launched at the same time as a plan. A330 and A340 are two models of development costs amounted to 2.5 billion (in 1986 currency). A330 uses a lot of modern technology, such as fly-and multi-function cockpit display device, the use of advanced wing, high-efficiency engine and a lot of composite materials to reduce the weight of the aircraft, aircraft fuel consumption per seat km and the direct use of cost per seat have a greater decline. Model A330 Airbus A330 mainly from the early 70s the company began to develop long-range passenger aircraft, tentative name A300B9, 80 years to start the program, the new machine named TA9, TA is the acronym for dual-channel, 1986, renamed the A330, Manufactured 1987. A330-200 Model: A330 long-range, short body type, the introduction of this model to the large Airbus twin-jet sales greatly changed. A330-200 Model 300 fuselage shorter than 5.3 meters, increasing the tail, strengthen the wing structure. August 1997 maiden flight in May 1998 began to be delivered and put into use in Canada 3000 Airlines. A330-300 Type: Airbus A330/A340 family, the maximum capacity of a model, and the A340-300 model compared to the same body, but only two engines, and engine related systems are different, a range of short. November 2, 1987 maiden flight, June 2,Asics gel nimbus 9, 1994 by the European and U.S. airworthiness certificate. Basic data A330-200, A330-300 Wingspan (m): 60.3, 60.3 pilot (m): 59, 63.6 Airbus A330 (7 shots) the top of the vertical tail height (m): 17.9, 16.7 fuselage diameter (m ): 5.64, 5.64 maximum cabin width (m): 5.28, 5.28 Cabin length (m): 45.0, 50.35 standard two-class layout passengers (persons): 293, 335 cargo volume (cubic meters): 136, 162.8 Empty weight (tons): 120.5, 124.5 payload (tons): 36.4, 45.9 maximum gross weight (ton): 230, 230 the maximum fuel tank capacity (liters): 139,090, 97530 range (km): 11950, 10400 Power Plant: Two Taiwan Turbofan Engine Model: Pratt & Whitney PW4000 series, Rolls - Royce Trent 700 Series, General Electric CF6-80 series of maximum flight speed of Mach 0.86 (541 miles (mph), 470 节 (knots ), 871 kilometers (km / h) at 35,000 ft cruise altitude) A340 series on the European Airbus A340 Introduction to industrial companies of the world's major airlines in the 90's requirements, in January 1986 announced the development of two advanced twin-aisle wide-body aircraft. In addition to the number of engines and engine-related systems, both models have great commonality, they have 85% of the parts can be interoperable, using the same body, but different lengths, cockpit, wing , tail, landing gear and various systems are the same, which can reduce development costs.
Airbus A340
The two models also retains the high efficiency of A300/A310 aircraft fuselage cross-section design. April 1987 the European Bus Industry's decision two A330 and A340 models launched at the same time as a plan. A330 and A340 are two models of development costs amounted to 2.5 billion (1986 currency) A330 and A340 using many modern technologies, such as fly-and multi-function cockpit display device, the use of advanced wing, efficient engines and a large number of composite materials to reduce the weight of the aircraft, aircraft fuel consumption per seat km and the cost of each block has a larger decline in direct use. Main Model A340 A340: Airbus A330 designed based on the company, the tentative name A300B11, named after the TA11, TA is the acronym for dual-channel, 1986, renamed the A340. 1987, officially started to develop, in the development process has or of a CFM56 V2500 want to use an improved design based on ultra-high bypass ratio of the After the failure of the scheme can only be improved on existing engine to meet their original design goals, while also on the wing to improve this. A340-200 Model: A340 long-range type, body type than the A340-300 short range up to 15,000 km. Is currently the longest-range airliner. April 1, 1992 flight. February 2, 1993 Lufthansa German Airlines began shipping, put into operation. A340-300 Type: A340 of the high capacity, standard capacity 295 people. October 25, 1991 flight, 26 February 1993 Air France began to be delivered, put into operation. A340-300E (X) type: 300 long-range type, maximum range of 13,520 km, the delivery of Singapore Airlines in 1996. A340-400 type: extended range model, developed shortly after to give up. December 1997, Airbus launched the A340-500 and A340-600 project, using new engine, lengthened fuselage, increasing capacity. Airbus hopes the two models of the real long-range wide-body aircraft into the market to compete with the Boeing 747. A340-500 Type: focus on the range, claiming that the voyage will be the world's longest civil aircraft will exceed the existing A340-200. Can fly 16,000 km non-stop, in February 2002 has completed its first flight, has been delivered. A340-600 Type: The Trent 500 engines, a range of 13,900 km, body length of 74.8 meters, more than the A340-300 10.6 meters, a passenger capacity of 380 people, compared with A340-300 carrying capacity increased by 31 %; March 23, 2001, A340-600 in Toulouse's To begin delivery in 2002. The main parameters A340-200 A340-300 A340-500 A340-600 Wingspan (m) 60.3, 60.3, 63.5, 63.5 pilot (m) 59.4, 63.6, 67.9, 75.3 Height (m) 16.7, 16.7, 17.1, 17.3 standard three-class configuration passengers (persons) 261, 295, 313, 380 cargo volume (cubic meters) 100.2, 162.8, 153.6, 207.9 Empty weight (tons) 129,Vibram Men's Barefoot Athletic, 129, 170, 177 payload (tons) 30.8, 43.5 , 43.3, 55.6 maximum fuel tank capacity (L) 155,040,141,500,214,810,194,880 maximum gross weight (ton) 275, 275, 365, 365 range (km) 14,800, 13,500, 16,050, 13,900 power plant four turbofan engines Model CFM Company CFM56-5 series for A340-200/A340-300 • Rolls-Royce Trent 500 series for A340-500/A340-600 fact, A330/340 series is a 200/300 type Note the two model series :340-200 / 300 series introduced last year to suspend About 555-seat A380 Airbus A380 is by far the construction of the most advanced, spacious and most efficient aircraft, scheduled to be operational in 2006. The aircraft introduced in 2000 by Airbus as the 21st century Airbus aircraft design from the beginning with the major airlines, airports and airworthiness agencies in close collaboration.
Airbus A380
A380 plane incorporates the latest technology and materials, using advanced systems and industrial processes, to achieve the most stringent international airworthiness certification requirements. Compared with the nearest competing models, A380 carrying more than 35% of the amount of passengers more personal space. Airlines at all levels to provide unparalleled comfort, and provide passengers a more spacious, allowing them legs straight. A380's efficiency and advanced technology to make seat-mile costs by 15% to 20%. The range is far better than other large aircraft by 10%. Undoubtedly, for travel to London to Los Angeles, Sydney, Singapore, and the passengers in terms of such long-haul routes, A380 will provide them with a new way of flying. In view of expected continued growth in air travel, A380 has the ability to transport more passengers, you can not increase the number of flights in the case of easing traffic congestion. The aircraft has greatly reduced noise and emissions levels will help minimize the impact to the environment. The A380 series of aircraft from the basic beginning of a three-class layout with a capacity for 555 people with a range of 15,000 km / 8,000 nautical miles. The A380F freight aircraft can carry 150 tons (330,000 pounds) of payload, a range of more than 10,400 km / 5,600 nautical miles. In the basic model derived based on the extension type (Stretched), short-and extended-range A380 will be the market when needed. Optional A380 Rolls Royce Trent • 900 engine or the joint engine company (Engine Alliance) (General Electric and Pratt & Whitney joint venture) GP7200 engine. Model A380-800 main features of the basic model, the standard 555-seat cabin layout, double cabin, 2005, A380 test flights begin, expected to last 15 months, 2,200 flight hours. A380-800F all-cargo type, FedEx (Federal Express) is launched the user, A380 in the case load of 150 tons of fly 10,000 kilometers. A380-700 shortened, standard cabin layout of the 460 planned. Airbus A380
internal
A380-900 lengthened, the standard cabin layout of the 656 planned. A380 basic data: size length 73 meters 239 feet 6 inches wingspan 79.8 meters 261 feet 10 inches height 24.1 meters 79 feet 1 inch wing area of ​​845 m ² 9,100 inches ² weight of 280,000 kilograms 617,300 pounds empty machine maximum takeoff weight of 560,000 kg 1,235,000 lb maximum passenger capacity of 555 (3) Up to 840 (a) freight capacity of 38 LD3s or 13 pallets powered Rolls-Royce Trent 900 engines 4 or Engine Alliance GP7200 turbofan engine Airbus A380 (10 Zhang) 271,560 pounds of thrust force of 1,208 kN performance cruising speed of Mach 0.85 (about 902 km / h) about 561 miles / hour maximum speed of Mach 0.89 (about 945 km / h) about 587 miles / hour flight distance of 15,100 km 9,383 miles altitude 13,100 meters 43,000 feet of climb speed m / min ft / min is the largest passenger plane A380! A350 series (development in) Introduction A350 Airbus Industrie of Europe is developing in the long-range wide-body twin jet, has not yet formally put into production and operations. A330 Airbus A350 is based on improvement, mainly to increase the range and reduce operating costs, but also in order with the new design. 787 to compete. Airbus A350 Project on October 6, 2005 The official launch is expected in Q2 2009, first flight in 2010 officially put into operation. R & D costs of EUR 3.5 billion budget. A350 project was launched: April 2004, Boeing rival Airbus announced the launch of a new long-range twin-jet B7E7 project (now known as B787), B787 of the indicators directly beyond the Airbus 330 series, the first Airbus From a security point of view, that four more long-range aircraft engine market, the 787 program not respond. With the B787 get to the global customers, increasing the number of orders, Airbus decided to change its mind and the corresponding development of competing models for the B787, the A330 based on the successful introduction of new engines, redesigned wing, the A330 with the development of improved B787 Project competition, and new models named A350. Marketing efforts over time,onitsuka tiger mexico 66, Spain's European airlines (Air Europa) became the first buyer of the Airbus A350. In December 2004 to buy 10 A350 signed a memorandum of understanding, followed by 9 airlines receiving the world's 140 confirmed orders, Airbus in October 6, 2005 announced the official launch A350 long-range aircraft project, A350 the existing A330 aircraft will be manufactured and final assembly production line. Airbus in China, Russia and other countries, risk-sharing partners will participate in the production of A350 aircraft. Airbus said that technical information published, A350 aircraft with a new composite wing and aluminum-lithium alloy body, the use of new materials as high as 60%. A350 also has a new landing gear, using 90% new parts, the new A350 is the A330 and A340 long-range with the level of the supplementary series of aircraft, in order to further reduce operating costs and production costs, A350 aircraft to keep the air Bus remote control universal family of aircraft. The newly designed cabin passengers a long flight can also provide better comfort. A380, A350 aircraft will use the latest application of innovative technologies, but also inherited the Airbus family of aircraft, good versatility. A350 aircraft will use the new GEnx1A General Electric engines. Airbus and Rolls-Royce has signed an agreement with Rolls-Royce, Airbus A350 aircraft for its new TRENT1711 engine. Airbus said, A350 aircraft has unmatched fuel efficiency and economy, the introduction of the new A350 aircraft, Airbus will further consolidate its leading position in the world. Main Model A350-800: a standard three-class configuration, 253 passengers can be a range up to 8,800 sea miles (16,300 kilometers). A350-900: slightly larger than the A350-800, a standard three-class layout, seating capacity up to 300 people, a range of up to 7,500 nautical miles (13,900 kilometers). Basic technical parameters: Wingspan: 61.1 m Length: 59.0 m Height: 17.02 m Maximum takeoff weight: 245,000 kg Maximum fuel capacity: 139,100 l power plant: two GEnx or Trent 1700 turbofan engine cruise speed: Mach 0.86 cargo volume: 19.7 m3 Capacity: 253 cabin layout: Maximum range: 16,300 km for more entries Atlas Atlas 3. France Pierre Charles Parker book books Airbus
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Basic Information Introduction of the basic bibliographic information

Title: Airbus: A True Story: (France) Pierre Charles Parker (PierreSparaco) Mengjun Press: Aviation Industry Press Publication date: 2010 In January ISBN: 9787802434295 Book Size: 16 Open Price: 128.00 yuan Introduction company as one of the European Group. Its original intention is to create a European aircraft manufacturer to rival the United States with a strong and effective competition. By overcoming the differences between countries, sharing development costs, and develop a larger market share, Airbus changed the competitive landscape, and for the airlines, crew and passengers brought real benefits. Airbus modern integrated production line from the successful series of models (from 107-525) component. The concept of customer focus, business knowledge, technology leadership and manufacturing efficiency of the Airbus among the forefront of the industry. In 2008, Airbus turnover in excess of 270 million euros, has mastered about half of the world civilian aircraft orders. and government pressure to demonstrate the company's civil aircraft market in the world to challenge the strong indomitable spirit. The book can be said that integration of the European civil aviation industry development history of the European aviation industry and the competition brief history of U.S. aviation industry. Library catalog dreams of future success Chapter History Chapter II Chapter III Keer Ke start a business, and others plow Dayton Chapter A300B from the A-300 to the real beginning of Chapter V Chapter VI Chapter VII series production of A310, the spirit of Chapter VIII of the series pilot and automatic devices to accelerate the development of Chapter IX Chapter X of the road leading to the balance of power lay the solid foundation of Chapter XI Chapter XII Chapter XIII achievements volatile situation in Chapter XIV XV A380 turned out to arguments on both sides of the Atlantic Chapter Chapter XVI from economic interest groups into a single entity in Toulouse, and the Seattle Chapter XVII Conclusions term continuity Appendix ... ... More Atlas Atlas I'll improve the 相关的主题文章：


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