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Traditional Uses
Kinhyshi yrin (Yang Lin), hero of the Suikoden, holding a bamboo hat. From Utagawa Kuniyoshi’s catena of woodblock prints illustrating the 108 Suikoden.
In China and Japan, svelte strips of bamboo were woven together into caps and shoes. One particular design of bamboo hats was stereotypically joined with rural life, being worn virtually universally by farmers and fishermen in mandate to protect their brains from the sun.
An 1881 bustle design.
In the west, bamboo, abreast other components such as whalebone and steel cable, was sometimes used as a structural component in corsets, bustles and other types of structural units used in new women’s clothes.
Modern uses
Manufacture of Bamboo Viscose
Recent technologies have allowed cellulose processed from bamboo to be spun into viscose yarn . Modern bamboo yarn is accordingly a regenerated cellulose fibre. One such technology was filed in 2003 as US patent 7313906 at creators Xiangqi Zhou, Zheng Liu, Liming Liu, and Hao Geng developed one such means of cornering bamboo into yarn, creating new uses for bamboo in clothing.
The treads in the manufacturing of bamboo viscose are It’s about time:
1) Bamboo leaves and the soft, interior essence from the hard bamboo trunk are extracted using a steaming process and then mechanically crushed
2) The crushed bamboo is soaked in sodium hydroxide to produce cellulose. A prevalent misconception is that sodium hydroxide is a harmful chemical[citation needed]. If used in a responsible manner sodium hydroxide has absolutely no efficacy on the environment and health of personnel. It is routinely used in the processing of organic cotton into fibre and is accepted by the Global Organic Textile Standards (GOTS) and the Soil Association Sodium hydroxide does not remain as a leftovers on clothing as it easily washes away and can be neutralised to harmless and non-toxic sodium sulphate salt. A chemical used in this step that can cause nervous system damage with continuing exposure is carbon disulfide .
3) The bamboo cellulose is compelled via spinneret nozzles (like a sieve) into an acid bath that hardens the solution into bamboo fibre threads and neutralizes the severe sodium hydroxide.
4) The fibre threads are spun into bamboo yarn and coiled onto spools.
The processing of the cellulose pulp into fibre can be detergent than the processing used for conventional viscose if a closed circulate process captures and reclaims all the solvents used in the manufacturing, whereas this is not standard practice . The resulting bamboo viscose fibre is extremely soft to the touch.
Alternative manufacturing processes
The Swiss corporation Litrax is one enterprise comprised in the processing of bamboo fibre. Litrax claim to use a more natural way of processing the bamboo into fibre. In this the woody portion of the bamboo is crushed mechanically before a natural enzyme retting and washing process is used to crash down the walls and extract the bamboo fibre. This bast fibre is then spun into yarn In nice counts the yarn has a silky touch. The same fabrication process is used to generate linen linen from flax or hemp. Bamboo fabric made from this process is sometimes called bamboo linen. The natural processing of litrax bamboo allows the fibre to remain strong to generate an extremely high quality production. This process gives a substance that is very durable.
Source of Raw Material
Most of the bamboo used to make bamboo fibre and bamboo clothing is grown in China by Hebei Jigao Chemical Fiber Company They prop the patent on the process for turning bamboo into fibre. This facility produces all of the bamboo viscose on the market. The bamboo is certified organic by OCIA (The Organic Crop Improvement Association) To strictly control the quality of raw material, Hebei Jigao Chemical Fiber Company has built its own bamboo plantation in Sichuan Province, China and keeps strict control over it. The bamboo is grown in consensus to the worldwide organic standard of OCIA/IFOAM and the USDA National Organic Program, so as to ensure every bamboo stalk is of 100% natural growth and without whichever chemical pesticides. The testimony of the ecologically sound methods backward bamboo production is the fact that all of the fibre produced by the facility in China is Oeko-Tex 100 certified This certifies that the ended fibre has been tested for anybody chemicals that may be noxious to a person health and has been found to embody no track chemicals that pose any health menace however. This means that every company working with bamboo starts with the same raw material and that this material is not polluted.
Benefits of using bamboo for clothing
Numerous claims have been made for the superiority of bamboo yarn over other textiles. These include the following:
Naturally Organic – bamboo is grown without pesticides or fertilisers, diverse conventional cotton which uses 25% of all the worlds pesticides and less than 10% of the agricultural land mass. Luxuriously soft – bamboo feels like silky cashmere. Sustainable – Moso bamboo is one of the world fastest growing factories, growing up apt a metre in a day. Bamboo is a grass, so once slit it will regenerate speedily without the need for replanting (in the same course as your garden lawn). It grows very densely and so the yield per acre is excellent in approximation to cotton. Eco-friendly – 1 of the most affirmative things about bamboo is that it absorbs 35% extra carbon dioxide than equivalent stands of trees. More bamboo would help to hack the globally rising levels of carbon dioxide and help in the fight opposition global warming. Absorbent – bamboo absorbs up to 60% more water than cotton. This makes it an excellent alternative for towels and bathrobes. Breathable – the porous nature of the fibre makes it breathable and extremely cozy opposition the skin. Thermo-regulating – keeps the wearer lukewarm in cool weather. Hypoallergenic – bamboo’s organic and normal properties make it non-irritating so faultless for more sensitive skin
Ecological causes for using bamboo as a raw material for textiles and clothing
Growth
Bamboo has many advantages over cotton as a raw material for textiles. Reaching up to 35 metres high, bamboos are the largest members of the grass home They are the fastest growing woody plants in the world. One Japanese species has been recorded as growing over 1 metre in a day There are over 1600 species of bamboo found in different airs from cold mountains to peppery tropical regions. About 40 million hectares of the world is covered with bamboo, mostly in Asia The high growth rate of bamboo and the fact that bamboo can grow in such different climates makes the bamboo plant a sustainable and versatile resource. The bamboo species used for clothing is called Moso bamboo. Moso bamboo is the most important bamboo in China, where it covers about 3 million hectares (about 2% of the absolute Chinese forest area). It is the main species for bamboo timber and activities an important character for the ecological environment
Harvesting
Once a fashionable shoot emerges from the ground,Tods women shoes, the new strap will reach its full elevation in just 810 weeks. Each cane reaches manhood in 35 years. Bamboo can be continually re-harvested with no damage to the surrounding environment.[citation needed] It is a grass and so regenerates behind being cut fair like a lawn without the need for replanting. This regular harvesting is really of behalf to the health of the plant studies have shown that felling of canes leads to active re-growth and an addition in the measure of biomass the next year
Yield and Land Use
Land use is of global importance as the world six billion people contend for water, food,tods loafers, fibre and shelter Sustainable land use practices provide either economic and environmental avails. Bamboo can be used as edible, fibre and shelter and due to its ease of growth and amazing growth rate it is a inexpensive, sustainable and efficient crop. Bamboo grows very densely, its clumping nature enables a lot of it to be grown in a comparatively small area, easing oppression on land use. Yields of bamboo of up to 60 tonnes per hectare greatly exceed the yield of 20 tonnes for most trees and merely 1-2 tonnes per hectare for cotton with a one-time planting for bamboo and little attention and maintenance needed. In a time when land use is beneath colossal oppression, bamboo high yield per hectare becomes very premonitory.
Greenhouse Gases and Global Warming
Human play is no only producing more carbon dioxide, but it is likewise severely damaging the ability of the planet to preoccupy carbon through its carbon sinks the forests. Growing forests absorb CO2 merely deforestation results in fewer trees to soak up rising levels of CO2. Bamboo minimises CO2 and generates up to 35% more oxygen than equivalent stands of trees One hectare of bamboo sequesters 62 tonnes of carbon dioxide per year meantime one hectare of young woods only sequesters 15 tonnes of carbon dioxide per year
Deforestation
Bamboo planting can slow deforestation, providing an option source of timber for the construction manufacture and cellulose fibre for the textile manufacture It allows communities to turn away from the dispose of their native forests and to build mercantile bamboo plantations that can be selectively harvested annually without the erasure of the grove. Tree plantations have to be chopped down and terminated at harvest but bamboo keeps on growing When a bamboo cane is cut corners, it will produce different shoot and is ready for harvest afresh in as little as one year. Compare this to cotton harvesting organic cotton requires the decimation of the entire crop causing bare soils to bake in the sun and loosen carbon dioxide into the air. Before replanting next years crop the cotton farmers till the fields which releases yet more CO2
Water Use
Very little bamboo is irrigated and there is sound evidence that the water use efficiency of bamboo is double that of other trees This makes bamboo more proficient to handle harsh weather conditions such as drought,tods shoe, flood and high temperatures. Compare bamboo to cotton which is a thirsty crop it can take up to 20,000 litres of water to produce 1 kg of cotton and 73% of the global cotton harvest comes from irrigated land , Some estimates denote that cotton is the largest consumer of water among all agricultural commodities.
Soil Erosion
Yearly replanting of crops such as cotton leads to taint erosion. The roomy basis system of bamboo and the fact that it is not uprooted during harvesting means bamboo actually helps preserve taint and prevent soil erosion. The bamboo plants root system creates an forcible watershed, stitching the soil together forward crisp rill banks, deforested areas,Tods Bag, and in places disposed to mudslides. It also greatly reduces rain run-off Conventional cotton growing also causes a caustic rebate in soil quality through the shock of constant use of pesticides on soil creatures.
Pesticides and Fertilisers
Only 2.4% of the world arable land is planted with cotton yet cotton accounts for approximately 25% of the world insecticide market and 11% of the sale of global pesticides Many of these pesticides are extremely dangerous and toxic:
Aldicarb, a powerful nerve agent, is one of the most noxious pesticides applied to cotton worldwide and the 2nd most used pesticide in global cotton production.
Endosulfan is widely used in cotton production and is the dominant pesticide in the cotton sector in 19 countries.
Monocrotophos, despite being retreated from the US mall in 1989, namely warmhearted secondhand in amplifying world countries. In 1997, Paraguay Ministry of Health and Welfare identified it for creature responsible as causing deadlock in children living in cotton growing places.
Deltamethrin, a nerve proxy, is applied in over half of the cotton producing countries. Medical analysis in a community in a South black village situated on the brim of a important cotton making area base traces of deltamethrin in human bust breast.
An estimated 1 million to 5 million cases of pesticide poisoning happen every year, resulting in 20,000 reported deaths among agricultural workmen and at fewest 1 million requiring hospitalisation Even organic cotton farming uses pesticides copper and bronze salts
Fertilisers are also applied to cotton fields to increase growth rate and crop yields. A huge benefit of using bamboo as the organic base for textile fibres is that there is no need for pesticides or fertilisers when growing bamboo. Bamboo grows so quickly there is no need for fertiliser. It also contains a material called bamboo-kun an antimicrobial agent that gives the plant a natural resistance to pest and fungi infestation It is deemed that the achieved bamboo fabric does maintain this antibacterial property
References
^ Yang Ye (1999),Vignettes from the Late Ming: A Hsiao-pin Anthology, University of Washington Press, pp. 17, 112
^ Akiko Fukai and Tamami Suoh (2002), Fashion: The Collection of the Kyoto Costume Institute, Taschen, pp. 154, 284
^ http://www.organic-babyclothing.co.uk/organic_bamboo_fabric.html
^ Soil Association Organic Standards January 2007 60 Textiles http://www.organicpurewool.co.uk/S-A.orgtextilestandards2007.pdf
^ a b http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=bamboo-boom&page=3
^ http://www.litrax.com
^ 3. http://www.organic-babyclothing.co.uk/blog/index.php/2008/11/27/litrax-bamboo
^ http://www.jghx.cn
^ http://www.ocia.org
^ http://www.oeko-tex.com/oekotex100_public/index.asp?cls=02
^ http://www.organic-babyclothing.co.uk/
^ http://www.kew.org/plants/bamboos/index.html
^ http://www.kew.org/plants/bamboos/giantbamboo.html
^ http://www.mastergardenproducts.com/bamboo.htm
^ http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A1275851
^ hinese Moso Bamboo: Its Importance Jinhe Fu, The Magazine of The American Bamboo Society, October 2001
^ http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/node/20202
^ http://www.sciencedaily.com: World Land Use Seen As Top Environmental Issue
^ http://www.geniaal.be/downloads/EBS4johangielis.doc
^ http://r0.unctad.org/infocomm/anglais/cotton/crop.htm
^ http://www.bamboocentral.org/shareinrepair/faq.htm
^ J. Janssen, Technical University Eindhoven, 2000
^ http://www.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/audio/VOA_Chin_Bamboo_Deforestation_Interview.mp3
^ http://www.bamboocentral.org/shareinrepair/whybamboo.htm
^ http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=11951725
^ an Bamboo Replace Thirsty Trees? http://www.worldagroforestry.org May 2009
^ www.greencottonblog.com
^ http://events.earthhourcanada.org/what_we_do/footprint/agriculture/commodities/cotton/better_management_practices/water_use/
^ http://www.bs-bamboo.co.uk/bambooandtheenvironment.htm
^ http://events.earthhourcanada.org/what_we_do/footprint/agriculture/commodities/cotton/environmental_impacts/agrochemicals_use
^ 27. http://www.ejfoundation.org/page332.html
^ http://www.ifoam.org/growing_organic/1_arguments_for_oa/criticisms_misconceptions/misconceptions_no7.html
^ http://www.fashionandearth.com/index.php/faq.html
^ http://www.cahs.colostate.edu/news/item/?ID=550
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