Indy21, a game developer in Korea, originally created the video game
9Dragons, then they made agreements with both "Persistent Worlds" and "Acclaim", to allow them to market and sell 9Dragons to the European and American markets. The original In-game story for Indy21's Korean version was written by wuxia novelist Jwa Baek and then Steven-Elliot Altman was hired by Acclaim to rewrite the game in its entirety so that it would become accessible to Western audiences. Steven-Elliot Altman went on hiatus from Acclaim for approximately one year, then returned, and is currently the Game Director.[citation needed] Both companies released the game in "Open Beta" to the public in January 2007.[2] The deal that Indy21 has with both companies allows them to market and sell the game using their own method of choice. Acclaim (American) states that the game continues to be F2P (Free to Play) and integrated advertisement and an Item Mall to obtain their profits. Later Persistent Worlds announced that they would cease trading and that their servers would be shut down.