A computer motherboard north bridge chip, according to a certain method of holding to the north side of CPU socket, then close to the CPU socket to do with a connection from the chip known as the English name: North Bridge Chipset. North Bridge chip (NorthBridge) is the motherboard chipset plays a dominant role in the most important part, also known as the main bridge (HostBridge).
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extension of the basic definition of the original meaning and symbolic significance of the role of Northbridge Northbridge Northbridge Northbridge chip features AMD platform, another name for intel platform leading blue-chip North Bridge Causes and solutions of problems the phenomenon of death crash summarizes the basic definition of a bridge north of the original meaning of the standard of the ancient city has four doors, for the east, west, south and north doors. Normally have moat, if you are sitting in the city's north bridge, the general called So now there are many cities in China, Example: Pingxiang City of Jiangxi Anyuan Ping River area have so far on the Ping River as well as And symbolic significance of an extension of computer motherboards, according to a certain method of holding to the north side of CPU socket, then close to the CPU socket to do with a connection from the chip known as the English name: North Bridge Chipset. North Bridge Chip North Bridge chip (NorthBridge) is the motherboard chipset plays a dominant role in the most important part, but also
Intel G45 Northbridge chipset
as the main bridge (HostBridge). Generally speaking, the name of the chipset North Bridge chip is to name names, such as the Intel GM45 chipset North Bridge chip is the G45, the latest is to support Core i7 processor X58 series north bridge. There mainstream P45, P43, X48, 790GX, 790FX, 780G, 880G, 890GX, 890FX and so on. NVIDIA also 780i, 790 / etc. The role of the Northbridge chipset and the CPU North Bridge chip is responsible for contact and control memory (only Intel i7 series than outside cpu, AMD K8 series after series of cpu on the cpu in the integrated memory controller, AMD platform, does not control the Northbridge chip memory ), AGP data transfer within the North Bridge to provide the type and frequency of the CPU, the system's front side bus frequency, memory type (SDRAM, DDR SDRAM and RDRAM, etc.) and the maximum capacity, AGP slot, ECC error correction and other support , integrated chipset North Bridge chip also integrates a graphics core. Features Northbridge Northbridge chip on the motherboard is the latest chip from the CPU, which is mainly taking into account the Northbridge chipset and processor communication between the most closely, in order to improve communication performance and reduce the transmission distance. Because the North Bridge chip data processing is very large, the heat is also growing, so now the North Bridge chip is covered with a heat sink used to strengthen the North Bridge chip cooling, and some will be with the motherboard Northbridge chipset fan for cooling. Because the North Bridge chip, the main function is to control the memory, and memory as standard and the processor change more frequently, so that different chipset North Bridge chip is certainly different, of course, does not mean that the memory technology used is completely different, but different between the chipset North Bridge chip definitely a difference in some places. Northbridge Northbridge another name distinct role to play in the computer plays a leading role, so people used to called the main bridge (Host Bridge). intel platform Intel845 series chipsets 82845E/82845GL/82845G/82845GV/82845GE/82845PE, other than 82845GL support 533MHzFSB (82845GL only support 400MHzFSB), support memory, the more than 845 series northbridge chips support up to 2GB of memory, 82845G/82845GL / 82845E support DDR266, the rest are supporting DDR 333, another 82845G/82845GL/82845GV also supports PC 133SDRAM, except 82845GL/82845GV outside support AGP4X slots; 865-series chipsets 82865P/82865G/82865PE/82865GV/82848P, except 82865P outside support 800MHzFSB, DDR 400 (82865P only supports 533MHz FSB, DDR333, except 82848P outside support dual channel memory, and 4GB maximum memory capacity (82848P only supports single-channel maximum 2GB memory), in addition to outside support AGP8X 82865GV slots; Intel Desktop AGP platform is the most high-end 875 series 82875P Northbridge, support 800MHz FSB, 4GB dual-channel DDR400 and PAT functions. Intel chipset North Bridge chip name or with There are 915/925 series 82910GL, 82915P, 82915G, 82915GV, 82915PL, 82915GL, 82925X and 82925XE other eight North Bridge chip. In support of the front-side bus frequency, 82910GL only supports 533MHz FSB, which is supported 82925XE 1066MHzFSB, the remaining 82915P, 82915G, 82915GV and 82925X support 800MHzFSB; in memory support, 82910GL, 82915PL and 82915GL supports DDR memory only (DDR400), 82925X, and only supports DDR2 memory 82925XE (DDR2533), the rest of the 82915P, 82915G, and 82915GV are able to support DDR memory (DDR 400) and DDR2 memory (DDR2533), all of which eight North Bridge chip can support dual channel memory technology, except 82915PL support beyond 4GB maximum memory capacity (82915PL only supports 2GB of memory), in addition 82925X also support ECC memory; 82910GL, 82915G, 82915GL and integrated support for DirectX 9.0 82915GV the IntelGMA900 display core (Intel Graphics Media Accelerator900); in the external graphics interfaces, 82915P, 82915G, 82915PL, 82925X, and provide a PCI ExpressX16 82925XE graphics slot , and 82910GL, 82915GL and 82915GV not support a separate graphics card slot. then released to support Intel dual-core processor 945/955/975 series 82945P, 82945G, 82945GZ, 82945GT, 82945PL, 82955X, 82975X Northbridge and other seven chip. In support of the front side bus frequency, 82945GT only supports 667MHz FSB, 82945GZ and 82945PL only support 800MHzFSB, the rest all support 1066MHzFSB; in memory support, all of which seven North Bridge chip can support dual channel memory technology and only supports DDR2 memory which are no longer supports DDR memory, which only supports a maximum 82945PL and 82945GZ 2GB of DDR2 533,82945 P, 82945G, and support up to 4GB of 82945GT the DDR2667, 82955X and 82975X are supported 8GB ECC memory technology and the largest of DDR2667; In the dual-core processor support, 82945P, 82945G, 82945GZ, 82945PL only supports PentiumD, 82955X and 82975X are supported Pentium D and Pentium EE, 82945GT is supported CoreDuo; 82945G, 82945GZ and 82945GT integrated support for the Intel GMA950 display DirectX 9.0 core (IntelGraphics Media Accelerator950), which is an upgraded version of GMA900; the external graphics interfaces, 82945P, 82945G,
hermes ny, 82945GT, 82945PL, 82955X, 82975X offer a PCI Express X16 graphics slot, and supports a separate graphics card is not 82945GZ plug slot. The latest is the 946 series and 965 series 82946PL and 82946GZ the 82P965, 82G965, 82Q965 and 82Q963 other six North Bridge chip, all support the latest dual-core processor Core 2Duo, 82P965 also supports the top of the Core 2 Extreme. 82946PL and 82946GZ only support 800MHzFSB, and 82P965, 82G965, 82Q965 and 82Q963 support 1066MHzFSB. in memory support, 82946PL and 82946GZ support up to 4GB of memory, and 82P965, 82G965, 82Q965 and 82Q963 will support up to 8GB of memory. Also 82946PL, 82946GZ and 82Q963 Dual channel DDR2667 memory, and 82P965, 82G965 and 82Q965 the support dual channel DDR2800 memory. In the display interface, in addition to 82Q963 does not support a separate graphics card slot, the other five North Bridge chip can support PCI Expressx16 card slot. and 82946GZ, 82Q965 and 82Q963 also integrates support for DirectX 9.0c and OpenGL 1.4 for Intel GMA3000 (Intel Graphics Media Accelerator 3000) graphics core; and 82G965 are integrated to support DirectX10 and OpGL 1.5 and Intel Clear Video Technology (Intel Clear Video Technology) The Intel GMA X3000 (IntelGraphics Media Accelerator X3000) graphics core, and Intel GMAX3000 also the first time Intel integrated graphics support hardware T & L (standard approximate IntelGMA3000 only support software T & L), also supports H.264 hardware decoding and HDMI (Hi-Definition MultimediaInterface, high-definition multimedia interface) output interface of multimedia; 82P965 and 82Q965 also support for the digital home Intel VIIV (Viiv) technology. In addition,
chiffon scarves, 82P965, 82G965, 82Q965 and 82Q963 technology also supports the following features: ( 1) IntelFast Memory Access (IntelFMA, Intel Fast Memory Access technology), by optimizing the use of available memory bandwidth and reducing memory access latency, the updated Graphics Memory Controller Hub (GMCH, that is, North Bridge chip) backbone architecture that improves system performance is basically supported by the previous PAT Northbridge 82875P the continuation and upgrading technology; (2) Intel Flex MemoryTechnology (IntelFMT, Intel Flex Memory Technology), allows the insertion of different memory sizes and can continue to maintain dual channel mode, which than in the past, Intel chipset motherboard to enable dual channel memory mode must use the same memory capacity and same size limitation is much more flexible, and upgrade the system memory in the small-capacity memory, the original must be abandoned, there the IntelFMT technology to upgrade the system memory after the original is not necessary to abandon the small-capacity memory, reducing the upgrade costs to upgrade more easily; (3) Intel Quiet System Technology (Intel QST, Intel Quiet System Technology), Intelligent Systems fan speed control algorithms use operating temperature range of the system to automatically adjust the fan speed, reducing fan speed changes, thereby reducing system noise can be perceived; (4) USB Port Disable (USB port disable technology), can be individually enabled or disabled the USB port, USB port via this feature prevents malicious removal or insertion of data, thereby increasing the another layer of data protection. In addition, 82Q965 and 82Q963 also has a digital office for business users, special features, support Intel Stable Image Platform Program (Intel SIPP, Intel Stable Image Platform Program) and the Intel vPro (vPro) technology, which 82Q965 also supports Intel ActiveManagement Technology (IntelAMT, Intel Active Management Technology), with a system of defense, support-of-band remote network system, line management, regardless of how the system state, can help improve IT efficiency, asset management and system security and availability, If the loss of critical software agents, the initiative to issue alerts IT management personnel to meet business users remote management and security requirements. SIS early support DDRSDRAM memory SIS648FX, SIS655FX,
vibram five fingers kso mens, SIS655TX, SIS656, SIS649 and the integrated SiS Mirage graphics chips SIS661FX. which, SIS655FX, SIS655TX and SIS656 supports dual channel memory technology; SIS648FX, SIS655FX, SIS655TX and SIS 661FX supports AGP 8X standard, the SIS656 and SIS649 will support PCI Express X16 specification; All six northbridge chips support DDR400 memory, The SIS 649 is able to support DDR2 533 RAM, SIS 656 more to support DDR2 667 memory. 800MHzFSB relatively new there is support for the SIS662 and support for 1066MHz FSB of the SIS 649FX North Bridge and SIS 656FX chipset, etc.. This three northbridge chips support PCIExpress x16 card slot and DDR2 667 memory, which SIS 656FX also supports dual channel memory technology, and SIS 662 SIS Mirage1 integrates a graphics core. ATI Radeon 9100 series is mainly North Bridge chip. Radeon 9100 IGP, Radeon 9100Pro IGP and RX330 All three Northbridge chipset can support 800MHz FSB, dual channel DDR 400 memory and AGP 8X specification, Radeon 9100IGP and Radeon 9100 Pro IGP also integrates support for DirectX 8.1 for Radeon 9200 graphics chip. relatively new 800MHz FSB that supports the Radeon Xpress 200 IE ( RC410), Radeon Xpress 200IE (RXC410) and support for 1066MHz FSB of the Radeon Xpress 200 IE (RS400), Radeon Xpress 200CrossFire IE (RD400), CrossFire Xpress 1600 IE and other north bridge. northbridge chips support all of these PCIExpress x16 graphics slot; CrossFire Xpress 1600 IE supports dual-channel DDR2 800, in addition to support both DDR400 and the other is DDR2 667, and in addition Radeon Xpress 200 IE (RC410) outside support dual-channel memory technology; addition RadeonXpress 200 IE (RXC410) and CrossFire Xpress 1600 IE are integrated to support other than the ATIRadeon X300 DirectX 9.0 graphics core, in addition, Radeon Xpress 200 CrossFire IE (RD400) and CrossFireXpress 1600 IE also supports ATI's CrossFire multi-graphics parallel technology. VIA PT800/PT880/PM800/PM880 and earlier P4X400/P4X333/P4X266/P4X266A/P4X266E/P4M266, etc., which, VIA chipset North Bridge name names or with , PT880, PM800 and PM880 North Bridge chip, which can support four 800MHz FSB and DDR 400 memory, and support AGP8X specification. which PT880 and PM880 supports dual channel memory technology, PM800 and PM880 also integrated S3 UniChrome Pro graphics chip. After There P4M800, P4M800 Pro, PT880 Pro, PT880 Ultra, PT894, PT894Pro, P4M890, and PT890 and other north bridge. which, P4M800, P4M800 Pro, PT880 Pro supports 800MHz FSB, PT880Ultra, PT894, PT894 Pro, P4M890, and PT890 supports 1066MHz FSB; P4M800 and P4M800 Pro supports AGP8X graphics slot, PT880 Pro and PT880 Ultra supports the AGP 8X graphics slot and PCI Expressx16 card slot (which is actually based on PCI Express x4), while the PT894, PT894 Pro, P4M890, and PT890 will support The real PCIExpress x16 graphics slot; in memory support, P4M800 and P4M800 Pro are only supported DDR400 memory and does not support dual channel memory technology, and PT880 Pro, PT880 Ultra, PT894, PT894Pro, P4M890 and PT890 also supports DDR 400 and then DDR2533, and in addition to outside support P4M890 and PT890 Dual Channel memory technology; In addition, P4M800, P4M800 Pro and P4M890 also integrates S3Graphics UniChrome Pro graphics core. The latest is an integrated chipset P4M900, Socket 478/Socket775 support the full range of all processors, including the latest Core 2 Duo and Core Conroe Core 2 Extreme, support 1066MHzFSB and single-channel DDR2 667 memory and integrated support for DirectX 9.0 for VIA Chrome HC IGP graphics core also supports independent PCIExpress x16 graphics slot. P4M900 VIA chipsets all support DDR2 667 and the first DirectX 9.0-. ULI chipset market for many years left, at present few products, mainly M1683 and M1685, which can support two Northbridge chipset 800MHz FSB, which, M1683 supports AGP 8X and DDR 500 memory specifications, the M1685 will support PCI Express X16 and DDR2 667 memory specifications. NVIDIA Intel platform chipsets into the market relatively late, at first mainly targeted at high-end market of nForce4 SLI IE, nForce4 SLI X16IE, nForce4 SLI XE and the nForce4 Ultra IE. northbridge chips support the 1066MHz FSB, dual channel DDR2667 memory, and PCI Express x16 graphics slot, and in addition to outside support NVIDIA nForce4 UltraIE's SLI multi-graphics parallel technology. then the nForce 590 SLI IE, nForce 570 SLI IE and nForce570 Ultra IE, Socket 775 interface to support a full range of all processors, including the latest Core 2 Duo Conroe core and Core 2Extreme, support for 1066MHz FSB and dual-channel DDR2 667 memory. which, nForce 590 SLI IE and nForce 570 SLIIE also supports NVIDIA's SLI technology, nForce 590 SLI IE is able to support true full-speed PCI Expressx16 two slots to support the top of the Quad SLI technology to maximize the power of SLI technology. AMD Platform VIA: In addition to supporting K7 Series CPU (Athlon, Duron, AthlonXP) of the KT880, KT600, KT400A and earlier KT400, KM400, KT333, KT266A, KT266, KT133, KT133A, there are K8M800, K8T800, K8T800 Pro, K8T890 and K8T890Pro. which support KT600 and KT880 K7 series supports 400MHz FSB, DDR 400 memory and AGP8X specification, KT880 also supports dual channel memory technology. K8M800 and K8-Series K8T800 supports 800MHzHyperTransport frequency, K8T800 Pro, K8T890 and the K8T890 Pro supports 1000MHzHyperTransport frequency,
moncler for men, K8M800, K8T800 and the K8T800 Pro supports AGP 8X standard, while the K8T890 and K8T890Pro PCI Express X16 specification are supported, and the same with nVidia's nForce4 SLI, K8T890Pro also can support two nVidia's Geforce 6 series graphics cards to enhance the connection between the SLI graphics system performance; K8M800 also integrates S3UniChrome Pro graphics chip. There are a relatively new K8M890 and K8T900, will support a full range of AMD K8 family processors, PCI Express x16 graphics slot, 1000MHz HyperTransport ™ frequency. which, K8M890 also integrates S3 graphics UniChmore Pro graphics core. SIS: K7 series supports the main CPU of the SIS748, SIS746, SIS746FX, SIS745, SIS741, SIS741GX, SIS740, SIS735, and support k8 series CPU of the SIS755, SIS755FX, SIS760 and SIS756. which, SIS755 and SIS760支持 800MHz HyperTransport frequency, SIS755FX and SIS756 are supported 1000MHzHyperTransport frequency; SIS755, SIS755FX and SIS760 支持 AGP 8X standard, the SIS756 PCI ExpressX16 specification is supported; SIS760 support for DirectX 8.1 also integrates the SIS Mirage 2 graphics chip. There are a relatively new SIS760GX, SIS761GL and SIS761GX. which, SIS760GX and SIS761GL only support the HyperTransport frequency of 800MHz, and 1000MHz is supported SIS761GX the HyperTransport frequency; SIS760GX 支持 AGP 8X graphics slot, SIS761GX Zhichi PCIExpress x16 graphics slot, and SIS761GL not support independent graphics card slot; SIS760GX SIS Mirage2 integrated graphics core, and SIS761GL and SIS761GX the integrated SIS Mirage 1 graphics core. then the SIS 771, support the full range of SocketAM2 processors, the HyperTransport 1000MHz frequency and PCI Express x16 graphics card inserted slot, and integrated hardware support DirectX9.0 the SIS Mirage 3 graphics core. NVIDIA: In addition to the support of the early K7 series CPU's nForce2IGP/SPP, nForce2 Ultra 400, nForce2 400, etc., to support the relatively new K8 series CPU's nForce3 series The nForce3250, nForce3 250Gb, nForce3 Ultra, nForce3 Pro and nForce4 series of nForce4, nForce4Ultra and nForce4 SLI, these are all single-chip chipset, which supports AGP 8X specification nForce3 series, while the nForce4 series is supported PCIExpress X16 specifications, nForce4 SLI more can support two nVidia's Geforce 6 series graphics cards (support SLI technology GeForce6800Ultra, GeForce 6800GT, GeForce 6600GT) connected between the SLI and greatly improve system graphics performance. there is a nForce4 SLI X16, GeForce 6100 and GeForce6150, are The frequency and 1000MHz HyperTransport supports PCI Express x16 graphics slot. which, nForce4 SLIX16 supports two full speed PCI Express x16 real slot, to maximize the power of SLI technology; GeForce 6100 and GeForce6150 is integrated support for DirectX 9.0c NV44-based graphics core. The latest is the nForce 590 SLI, nForce 570SLI, nForce 570 Ultra and nForce 550 chipset, four kinds of Socket AM2 platform to support the full range of SocketAM2 processors, in addition to nForce 590 SLI is still using the traditional north and south bridge architecture than all other single-chip chipset. All nForce5 series all support the HyperTransport 1000MHz frequency and PCI Express x16 graphics slot. which, nForce 590SLI and NVIDIA nForce 570 SLI supports the SLI technology, nForce 590 SLI is can support two full-speed PCI Expressx16 real slots, top support Quad SLI technology to maximize the power of SLI technology. ULI: There are a relatively new M1695 and M1697, both support a full range of AMD K8 family of processors , PCI Expressx16 graphics slot, 1000MHz HyperTransport ™ frequency. which, M1695 PCI Expressx16 card slot in addition to in addition to support both AGP 8X graphics card slot (though is based on the South Bridge chip, but with real AGP8X bandwidth); and If the M1695 as M1697 Northbridge while longer for the South Bridge, you can really support two full-speed PCI Express x16 graphics slot. ATI: ATI AMD platform chipsets into the market relatively late, early K8 series CPU that supports the Radeon Xpress 200 (North Bridge chip is the RS480) and RadeonXpress 200P (North Bridge chip is the RX480), which both support the PCI Express X16 standard, which, Radeon Xpress200 support for DirectX 9.0 also integrates the Radeon X300 graphics chip. Radeon Xpress200 have compared the two technologies unique, one memory, shared memory and the system can also can use on-board memory and system memory; the second is Radeon Xpress200 CrossFire (RD480), Xpress CrossFire 3200 (RD580) and Xpress CrossFire1600, support the HyperTransport 1000MHz frequency and PCI Expressx16 graphics slot and support CrossFire multi-graphics parallel technology. which, Xpress CrossFire3200 (RD580) is in the Northbridge chip with 40 PCI Express Lanes, can support two full-speed PCI Expressx16 graphics slot, you can maximize the power of CrossFire technology. The latest is the Radeon Xpress 1100 and RadeonXpress 1150 two kinds of Socket AM2 platform chipset to support all Series SocketAM2 processors support the HyperTransport 1000MHz frequency and PCI Express x16 graphics slot, and both integrated graphics core ATI RadeonX300, but the core of the two different frequencies, Radeon Xpress 1100 core frequency is 300MHz, while the Radeon Xpress1150 the Core frequency is 400MHz. northbridge chip lead to blue screen crashes cause analysis and solution of a phenomenon of computer use, frequent crashes of the phenomenon. At first I thought was infected by any viruses found after the killing. and that is the hard disk fragmentation too much, resulting in system instability. But even after defragment the hard disk does not solve problems. reformat the system disk, reinstall the system, but the problem is still not resolved, seriously affected the daily work. reinstall the system after the crash of fault is not excluded, seems to be hardware problems. just beginning to question the memory failure. But after the replacement of memory failure is still not resolved. that question in the end there where is it? through careful analysis, since the memory is no problem, most likely the motherboard failure. So Using substitution, the replacement of the motherboard, open the computer, fault disappears, the root of the problem seems to appear in this board. motherboard work with the materials quite general. carefully examined and found capacitors on the motherboard does not breakdown phenomenon, the PCB board, have left no traces of burnt, then in the end, which part of the motherboard problems. So clean up again after re-board computer access into a variety of equipment. boot crash occurred half Shiyou phenomenon, then hand-to-board heat sink on the Northbridge chip, and found a very hot, it seems that the problem is there something like that. to purchase a piece of the radiator with a fan, after some agonizing, finally been replaced, and replacement down the North Bridge heat sink installed in the South Bridge chip. begins after some testing, fault completely ruled out, then through careful analysis, they would understand the reasons for this failure. the original machine is equipped in the winter, the temperature is lower did not have much effect, and then after the summer exposed the problem. The question summed up such problems, in general, consider the memory will go. However, due to CPU Cache problems caused by bad or the motherboard designs are also prone to heat frequent crashes of the phenomenon. The author had a certain brand 845PE motherboard that is not good enough for the motherboard heat caused the failure. surrounding the crash, after touching the motherboard components CPU, found that the temperature is very high and hot. Replace the fan power after the crash fault be resolved. Cache problem for the failure, you can enter the CMOS setup program, the Cache can fix the problem after the ban, of course, Cache after the ban will certainly affect the speed of it. [1] [2] [3] word Atlas Atlas section for more reference materials 1
Northbridge chipset on the current mainstream solution for power and cooling issues
http://technic.xkq.com/20090615/97155.html 2
Northbridge Southbridge impact on the cpu Daquan
http://technic.xkq.com/20090615/97159.html
3
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Blue Jay porridge blog
Further reading: 1
computers, motherboards, DIY, chips, IT-date information
2
http://www.biso.cn/mysoft/pc . htm
3
http://www.usbuse.com/html/pcservermainboard/104024273.html
4
http://publish.it168.com/CWORD/3506.shtml ? P_AVPASS = PHDGBITAVPASST
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