Science fiction science fiction (in English: Science Fiction), referred to as science fiction (in English: Sci-Fi), the major scientific or technical description of imagined social or personal impact on the fabrication of literature. Western science fiction, a new genre of modern literature. It can not happen in the circumstances known to the world, but it is based on the origin of humans or some kind of idea of the universe, the scientific and technological fields (including the assumption of science and technology) is a fictional discovery. In the contemporary Western world, science fiction is one of the most popular of the popular literature, its impact and sales volume, second only to the adventure novels and detective novels.
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Introduction to Category 1. Soft science fiction 2. Hard science fiction background of 19th century history: the birth and start the early 20th century: the rise of space opera and magazines mid-20th century: the golden age of the historical development of communication change on different views of science fiction from science fiction to explore the future of science fiction's influence of the earliest science fiction writers have translated the Chinese profile science fiction. Although from the perspective of the history of science fiction, yet no one can be recognized by all the researchers defined standards. In the sci-fi fans in the famous one, more general definition of the nature of science fiction. American literary critic Ihab Hassan said: respect, it seems to hit the nerve center of the human collective dream of the liberation of our deep humanity that with some imagination machine. It is the development of science and technology have a direct link, but it is an artistic creation, is not charged with the task of disseminating scientific knowledge. Writing the way from the fantasy perspective, it should belong to the scope of Romanticism. Some good, like good science fiction like the works of Romanticism, rooted in social reality, reflecting the social reality of the contradictions and problems. Some of the outstanding science fiction, often in the direction of scientific and technological development to provide a reference value of certain predictable. Sometimes, certain scientific discoveries yet to emerge, science fiction, it has been for vivid description, such as submarines, robots, astronauts and so on. Modern Western science fiction, involving many leading-edge research projects, of course, often specious pseudo-scientific. Therefore, the science fiction industry have often suffered contempt and accusations. Category 1. Soft science Soft science fiction (English Soft Science Fiction, referred to as Soft SF) is focused on the plot and subject matter of philosophy, psychology, political science or sociology of science fiction tend to branch. Relative to the Because it is often related to the subject matter is classified as a soft science or humanities, so it is called 2. Hard science fiction to physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy and other natural science-based, to describe new technologies and new inventions to the impact of human society as a hard science-fiction works of science fiction (Hard SF) - whether we now have understanding of how innovation, this is the original definition of hard science fiction science fiction community has also tried to reset this definition: Hard science fiction or scientific conjecture is based on science and technology to promote the history of the plot referring to the had another word ################ SF. Science-fiction world in accordance with the interpretation of the term and HardSF this different, it often refers to those who from the History on the subject in philosophy, the science fiction and myths and legends of ancient human spirit has a similar basis, that is to explain the relationship between human beings and the universe, the fate of human society's concern and speculation. Genealogy in literature, the Romantic literary tradition should be the first science fiction literary mother. Early science fiction often with a horror novel or a fantasy adventure novel traces. Youyi reasoning science fiction novels and Gothic fiction and is most closely related, many of the works of both these factors is difficult to strictly distinguish. Has been published in well-known hard-science fiction with phenomena. Humanity in the 19th century, entered the scientific inventions and technological revolution driven era, all the attention to the fate of the literary theme, the performance will inevitably be the future of science and technology. And this performance,
shape ups skechers, before the industrial revolution is impossible. The most important feature of science fiction is that it gives the Therefore, some kind of science fiction ever to have a French, the Jules Verne science fiction first to be called This literary work is based on the credibility of science is a necessary condition, it should be said that this 19th century: the birth and start-up is generally believed that Mary Shelley was first introduced to science fiction novels to elements. In 1818 she published (On this point there have always been controversial, some people think that science fiction novel do not have the basic spirit of science, science as just another kind of magic) Subsequently, the American poet Edgar Allan Poe has also published a number of science fiction have the nature of fiction. 19th century, early 20th century, two major European novelist appeared, the French and the British Jules Verne HG Wells. The latter said that his novel is From the work point of view, they are undoubtedly the founder of today's science fiction type. The general history of that science fiction, science fiction as a serious literary genre known, has been established, thanks to these two: The navigation was born in a family of French, initially was forced to put the livelihood of novels. Verne's works in the literary style inherits all the characteristics of adventure novels: the incredible personal risk, exotic (such as This long tradition of fantasy, such as his most famous work, book Jules Verne's unique is that his novels have shown an unprecedented p> This is Jules Verne in which the era of the 19th century and earlier are not. Such as Facts, the The Jules Verne novel, you can see detailed figures, professional and technical terms, even the scientific principles not yet been achieved directly explained - this paragraph have the knowledge to show off even a suspicion of his book is not the only attraction person's part. Jules Verne in the library encyclopedic knowledge learned from the already alarming, and his literary skills are also very skillful. 1885, to commemorate friends, great French writer Alexandre Dumas's death, his imitation of In a letter Verne Dumas said the letter, from the literary style of speaking, closer than they Dumas Jules Verne. See Jules Verne novel ability to control this literary genre. Jules Verne was a diligent writer, a large number of best-selling books have made him a rich man. His series of science fiction referred to as Such as Science fiction in the history of the If Jules Verne science fiction opened the door, then drive straight English or Wales, Kaijiangtuotu, pointed out that future generations can continue to explore the science fiction writers of all roads. In the 20th century, several major science fiction topics, such as Bantam Classic edition of Between 1894 and 1895's This requires not only proof in science, Wales at the beginning of this groundbreaking novel, actually
Bantam Classics edition of is ugly, possible clash of civilizations between: between interplanetary war. This is a repeat itself vast (also translated: the first human on the moon),
skechers shape up shoes, a bold fantasy man by a community close to the ant system, with the highest wisdom of the worse. In the novel he wrote in the introduction: Later, Russia (Soviet Union) in Beijing writer Yevgeny Nizar Mia this tradition. Prince himself is a noted social activist. as the more than a hundred works, made him the western half of the 20th century, important social thinkers of the social system, moral and religious reforms have had significant impact. From this sense, science-fiction novel is Wells a What in the end brought to mankind? in the Early leaf: the rise of space opera and magazines into the 20th century, the development of science fiction can be broadly bounded by the Second World War.
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before World War II, Europe began in earnest in science fiction, and landing in the United States root. American science fiction pioneer Edgar Rice Burroughs is, he is a famous series of adventure novels, and fantasy, adventure story into the mainstream with the popular literature. 20th century, 30 years, the tide of commercialization of science fiction in the United States was marked by the rise of a distinctive style emerged a large number of science-fiction magazine. these magazines to promote the American science fiction has become the main development power. one of the best are: American science fiction magazine (year 2001) Title of the founder founder of Time / Legend of the famous editor of Weird Tales 1923 年 singular -2001 surprise of Howard Philip 普洛夫克莱 Swift Stories Amazing Stories 1926 年 -2000 Hugo root Spark novel in stories Astounding Stories / Science Fiction Astounding Science Fiction 1930 novel 年 -1960 John Campbell of fantasy and science fiction magazine The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction 1949 年 -2001 in the Galaxy Science Fiction Galaxy Science Fiction 1950 年 -1995 In 1927, This was officially used to refer to the subject of increasingly sophisticated. He's an outstanding contribution to the science fiction has been the respect of future generations, American science fiction Hugo Award for the highest award in his name. Einstein's technology and theory have been brought forth,
skechers women, there's a wave of stimulating creative 1920-30 climax. this period on behalf of writers / works: Hugo root Spark's The intellectual thief, adventure activities. So the creation of this period in the history of science fiction is often called the buy vitality. During the war a large number of R & D or new technology or even imagined in science fiction is the freshest source of inspiration. the Second World War, the United States ushered in the science fiction of the History is generally accepted that John Campbell is an American science fiction Fiction. However, the change is not just a name. Campbell, the author is extremely demanding, they must first and foremost a writer of good quality. And Campbell has really brought together under the command of almost all of the American science fiction you: to Isaac Yasar Simo husband, Spray Gedu Gang, Robert Sea by the Rhine, 雷布拉德伯 Lei, Fanwogete ... ... and so on. Asimov later in the foreword to the book emphasizes the important contribution of Campbell: In front of the reader: Fu concluded: As a result, 50's and 60's in real life, with 40 years Campbell-style science fiction scenario depicted in surprisingly good agreement. Any breach of confidentiality, the novel is the description of the lucky science fiction historians believe that this event has a symbolic significance, clearly reveals the fact that science fiction and science linkages. sci-fi such as Halo: Fall of Reach
generation of a huge leap forward. The United States science fiction's all have appeared in the famous science fiction writer, works. Asimov husband and their classic (the sun and the spacecraft back on the flag for side of the image represents the popular science series) Isaac Asimov (Isaac Asimov ,1930-1992), American science fiction writer. his life high, many works, the work goes to as many as 500. The most important There are two series: the sci-fi robots husband there on a long a series of logical reasoning and pretty strong story. two series of the middle is the Empire to form a real space empire. a deposit; but if according to Harry. DR Benton (the founder of psychological history) method, through the establishment of bases, the fire of human civilization can be preserved, and the dark period shortened to 1000. Thus, (ie, Asimov's science fiction there are many popular works, such as the description of a civilization thousands of years before the planet once the stars of the gods themselves One critic said: In fact, even in the West, Colombo, 埃德加佛塞特 and writers such as William Wilson had a long time ago on a similar type of science fiction literature been defined, but the popular magazine of science fiction to establish what happened afterwards. developments in fact, this novel is very popular 50 to 60 years, and caused further changes in the development of science fiction. the works of this period a large number of description of the future, so that people from the future the other hand, reality, to the authors and readers to greater freedom of thought. they are the 19th century and early 20th century work is obviously different, because the latter mainly through the space will be placed in the background of the novel extraordinary world. 60 years, the emergence of a new ideas, a renewed emphasis on science fiction literature is a global, its roots in the 19th century, not 20th century, 20 years after the training by the United States out of a magazine genre. This is undoubtedly a broader perspective of a science fiction view, but it no longer emphasizes the factors of science and technology, and even As for the ghosts ghost written fiction was not the same. J · G · Ballard in 1969, commented: You can see a completely different scientific fields are. The 70 years of the 20th century, with the University offers science courses, academic interest in science fiction are also high up there in the form of more stringent definition. To teach a course because you have to know what the course; and to science fiction, since it is often included vague fantasy fiction, postmodern fiction, fables, novels, thrillers, science and technology, science fiction invention and utopian novels, so it also needs to know what is not. Therefore, the academic definition, people in particular stressed the need to draw strict boundaries of science fiction, not only consider its literary strategies, but also consider the concept of its contents, and sometimes used in literary criticism developed some words, such as the structuralism and criticism of utopianism words. In 1972,
shape up skechers, McGill University professor Dake Su Wen explained to science fiction as experience in lieu of the framework of the environment. Su with the 70 years later, the high-tech modes of production brought about social change, and science fiction has appeared in a variety of new interpretations. Robert Scott • Naples that Structure of the fable in a way fiction to explore the human condition, its main theme is the human science or life science, development or invention of humanity itself. the myth of the end of mankind, is to go beyond the myth, or to change human. K. Even Robinson wrote: science fiction, linked at some point in the past. In 1992, critic John Ke Lute to further expand the scope of science fiction, science fiction that the United States passed the significance related to the In short, science fiction has never been an absolute consensus. This is not to say that science fiction is not in a specific period of time relative to the same features and rules; because if there is no common characteristics and rules of fiction are not to become a unique literary category. Such as 50 years to 60 years, most of main stream of science fiction, description of the future, there are certain structural principles, and shows combined with the tendency of social reality. The United States because of the famous science fiction writer 罗伯特海因莱 cases, the background of all his novels are the future of world history or American history. Strange in the history of screen painting, and he carefully arrange every detail to make the development as the story unfolds. He has an outline of the history and future of diagrams, figures and important dates are found interspersed in it. He once made such a chart: This chart from 1950 to 2600 to a historical range of dates on the left there is a line from left to right in order of priority is the story of the other six lines, characters, technology, data, sociology and notes ; the first row of the story line of a topic close to the date of the next history; second line of the vertical life of all people; The third line is the development of technology, such as correspondence; fourth row lists the specific time events, such as 2060, a discourse,
skechers outlet, for example, in 2600 with the The contents of this chart can be changed, but the principle is the same. Different views on the science fiction of course, the rich imagination of science fiction, because science fiction with the historical development of different views, not only in different periods there is a huge difference between science fiction, even science fiction during the same period is also varied. But in any case, all the science fiction have a similar social function. First of all, science fiction, with its rich content - sometimes predicted correctly, sometimes predictable error - the social needs and ideals of the drama. People read science fiction, can often get a more than modern As H · L · Gold said: novels in the context of social reality, the use of the imagination of the future and the past, and explore ways to solve practical contradictions, revealing the relationship between social change and human. We know that many science fiction space travel and the future of social description. But If someone thinks that by the spacecraft to travel the galaxy is an effective way to get rid of practical problems, so when faced with family problems when asked to participate in space travel, he will participate in space travel by all who ridicule or resentment. Science fiction space can be seen as the forefront of an active life, where people create the future,
skechers shape ups, not words or escape. This is not to say that the future of space science fiction is unconditional optimism, but that the general attitude of science fiction is positive. Although it is often manifested in the contradictions of human bondage in the moaning, but it always tell people that if we continue to work, this can break the shackles. Most of the performance of science fiction, the collective aspirations of mankind, and its hero is always a consideration or on behalf of the whole; If there is a paradise of happiness for all, science fiction, the hero always makes all of his friends into the park. Some critics say is utopian science fiction novel, I am afraid it is out of this consideration. From science fiction to explore the development of future scientific and always, nature and society will continue to change, people must face the changes in the future. Explore the future of science fiction is the best form possible, It can make people mentally prepared for the future, but also allows people to create a better future. Science fiction also gives rise to new ideas, or thoughts from the old to discover new meaning. As 麦克因泰尔 said: tools. Of course, science fiction is not for the form and content of science fiction provides a wide space unlimited. So 麦克因泰尔 that science fiction Today, the world is undergoing unprecedented change, development of high technology, especially life sciences and the mass media, not only will change the social structure and moral ethics, but will change the way people think and mental habits.
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