ancient China an important part of the political system. Four thousand years since the Ming and Qing dynasties, the ancient Chinese legal system, the development of clear structure, a result of a leather, rich in content and distinct characteristics. Legislative history since the country emerged in ancient China, the ruling class began to enact laws by state organs, the establishment of the legal system. After several years of development, evolution and gradually formed a set of clear and distinct characteristics of the legal system.
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Xia Dynasty Shang and Zhou law legal system, the law of the Zhou Dynasty Shang Dynasty Western Han law legal system, legal system, Three Kingdoms, the Northern and Southern Song Dynasty Tang legal system, legal system, legal system of Liao Jin Yuan legal system Ming Ming and Qing legal system, legal system, laws and administrative regulations Qing legal history the main features of the legal system in ancient China for imperial law to safeguard imperial power. Combination of etiquette, the theoretical basis of Confucianism. Bureaucrats, aristocrats enjoy legal privilege. Dharmas fit and use, under the administration of justice, the legal system without independent judicial dynasties of Xia, Shang and Zhou law is the law of slavery, based on customary law, ritual torture and use. It embodies the unity of kingship and the clan, and infiltration of the theocratic ideas. Xia Xia law is the first slavery, the law referred to as the legal system has generated. Shang law Shang has a written law, in ancient literature, there are clearly documented and confirmed in the archaeological excavation. Shang harsh criminal law, capital punishment, corporal punishment, banishment, imprisonment and so on. Inscriptions, there are a symbol of the cruel punishment of the text; the legal system because of the Xia, Shang and Western Zhou Dynasty to become more mature. Spring and Autumn Warring States period, the disintegration of slavery law, the vassal state of the major changes in the legal system, has promulgated statutes. Zheng power sub-class Jin is also Developed and published the statute, limiting the privileges of the old aristocracy, and promote the development of feudal relations of production, marking the collapse of slavery. Warring States period, the feudal system established. The vassal state has promulgated to protect the contents of the feudal system of private ownership as the center of the feudal law. Among them, Wei Li Kui in the summary of the Penal Code on the basis of national development Qin rulers pursued Legalism, any rule of law. 359 BC, the Shang Yang to In addition, Qin also issued a large number of decrees. Qin Qin Tongyiliuguo, Emperor Qin's laws to the implementation of the country, for the first time establish a national unified feudal legal system. December 1975, Hubei Yun Meng unearthed Shuihudi Jane, including business, kept taxes convergence Shu Fu, the military Jazz reward, appointment and dismissal of officials, and even Wu organizations in all areas of social life, indicating that the Qin Dynasty Qin laws to Kulie known world, a wide range of penalties, the means is also very cruel, with the death penalty, corporal punishment, imprisonment, bamboo cane, membership confiscation offspring and so on, the number of criminal offenders and is often applied. Legal system, the Western Han Dynasty Western Han, Xiao in Emperor Wu of Han . This idea formed the theoretical basis of feudal law, has been pursued by the feudal rulers. Three Kingdoms Three Kingdoms, the Northern and Southern legal system, both the Northern and Southern dynasties in this period of codification. Wei made significant changes to the law, the development, privilege at the trial on the It is important to the development of criminal law in ancient China. Subsequent such as Sui Sui legal system is the system of Chinese feudal society, unite in the legal system, including a period of major change. Sui developed Tang particular attention to the Legislative building, emperor, the development of Gao Yong Hui years, scheduled Tang to Legal System in Song Song It is based on the Five Dynasties Later Zhou Dynasty's Song comprehensive strengthening of feudal despotism, the emperor issued at any time □ Conviction that sentence as the basis for Chao □ become the most important and has the highest legal effect, most often compiled □ as the Song of the most important legislative activities. Song officially a Liao Liao legal system, large-scale codification, began in Xingzong period. Five-year re-Hee (1036), since the reference to Tang Dynasty Amendment Act, formally scheduled, Road salt Yong were six years (1070), used , referred to as This Code of Khitan and Han Chinese as applicable, is a sign of the Liao Dynasty law further localization. Jin Jin the early implementation of the legal system Jurchen the family law, possession of the Liao and the Northern region was then used along with the Liao and Song Law Act. To Jinxi Zong, the Hailing after King Sejong's reign has been enacted, Dading nineteen years is to develop Gold were completed to a Legal system, the Yuan Dynasty Kublai Khan unified China, promulgated the Yuan Tang follow the basic content of the law, the form still used in the Song Dynasty compiled □, □, but changed to The law of the Yuan Dynasty and national oppression, class oppression characteristics of both. Ming Ming and the legal system, the late Qing Chinese feudal society, the two dynasties, the law also reflects the characteristics of the era of the late feudal society. Ming and Qing legislation to law-based, outside the Patent law, for example, orders, regulations, then the case will be typical and so on. Rule of law first Ming Ming dynasties summarized the experience, the series of important laws. Tang 12 is changed to 7, that is, case law under the name of Bureaucracy divided by six law clerks, family law, gift law, military law, criminal law, public law, changed the Sui and Tang legal system since feudal structure. This is an unprecedented legal system in ancient China. Ming has also strengthened economic legislation, there are notes law, money, tax, salt law. Qing Qing law enacted Its table of contents and Penalties and litigation, Qing law provides a variety of people to enjoy full legal privileges. Qing Dynasty, used in minority areas also enacted specific content of the single-specific laws, such as With the development of the feudal economy, Qing law to adjust the content of economic relations has been greatly increased. Chronicles of Ancient Chinese rulers administrative rules of law as a management executive and as a means of officials. Ages have developed a number of settings on the administration, particular portfolio and the Bureaucracy of the administrative regulations. Although the ancient Chinese developed a variety of laws that mixed together, but the Tang Dynasty also has a single line of administrative code. Qin Xia meet the needs of slavery, with the authority to establish, resulting in the original form of the administrative legal system. Shang, However, the Xia, Shang and government agencies during the management of the basic common law is based, Western Zhou Dynasty, Six officers of the palm of a Code. Among them, the governance, education, courtesy, things actually four Administrative Code of the content. Since then,
air force 1 shoes, laid the foundation of administrative law in ancient China. Qin Qin Dynasty unified the establishment of a centralized feudal state, and strengthened the management of government agencies and officials. is about the regulations prescribed documents; a unified feudal system of state administration features. Han Dynasty established the Official Sangong Jiuqing system and method, Book of Taiwan, the establishment of six CAO system, laid the whole six basis of the system of feudal society. Han posts on a variety of institutions and powers are clearly defined. If the Emperor must faithfully perform; officials who leak secrets to removal; official custody of official corruption or theft of property from those repeated offenders after conviction, to be executed and so on. Sui Song significant development of administrative law in the Sui and Tang. Sui, Tang Jin formally as the national laws It is the officials at all levels of preparation and dereliction of duty, breach of sanctions provisions. Tang compilation It is according to officials, families, courtesy, military, criminal, working six-part system, clearly defined national norms at all levels of administration, officials of the establishment, functions and powers and the official selection, appraisal, reward and punishment and other administrative management system. Differences between the canon is the After the Tang, and Song Code Official in Song, Yuan and Administrative Code are still six, for example, imitation of Ming and Qing dynasties is highly centralized system of feudal autocracy development period. It combines the culmination of successive administrative law, administrative codes and regulations on the development of more systematic and standardized. Ming imitation Code system for its records to the relevant chapter, did not contain any of the Ming Dynasty who would have confessed Code. Wanli particular portfolio, the principle of stories and activities. It uses the government as the Code, to establish the official level,
air force one shoes, there are cases of division and typical sequence. Qing Dynasty officials to be typical to law enforcement. As the about China's feudal system of justice is a basic feature. Qin Qin not previously dedicated the judiciary, just set the official rationale sentence. Summer has Dali, Shang and Zhou have Sikou. Punishment for soldiers, regardless of the ancient, often military officer is the sheriff. Warring States period, the vassal state of First Instance has set the maximum prison master judge, Qin said, Qin Qin Dynasty after the establishment of a unified, No special judiciary of the Qin, counties, and the line magistrate jurisdiction to handle the general case may be. Central still Tingwei Han (also known as Dali) for the highest magistrates, the local judiciary and Qin basically the same. Han in the judicial system also has some changes, Book of Taiwan to set up, one of the Three Public Cao (Western Han Dynasty), Erqian Dan Cao (Eastern Han Dynasty), also has some jurisdiction palm, split the part of the terms of Supreme Court Official. Three Kingdoms, the Northern and Southern Dynasties period of Chinese judicial system basically followed the system, but also by the development. Generally still referred to the Central Judiciary Supreme Court Official. Qi along the said supreme court, institutions are increasingly expanding. During this period the local judiciary and administrative bodies are still one, and judicial power by the county prefect, provincial governor and the magistrate, and all other Chief Executive to master. Sui, director of the supreme court trial, sentencing, crime and capital towards the Ting Baiguan over prison death penalty cases and the local transfer of mystery. Punishments for the central judicial administrative organs in charge of administration of justice, supreme court and the counties is responsible for judicial review cases. Imperial highest supervisory authority for the central, responsible for overseeing the supreme court and the Board of Punishments of the judicial activities, also participated in the trial of certain cases. Tang dynasty, whenever serious cases, the emperor of State supreme court orders with the Board of Punishments usually Shang, Yu Shi Zhongcheng joint trial, known as the Sui and Tang dynasties still local administrative organs and judicial management. Song judiciary expanded fragmented. Board of Punishments in the central judiciary and supreme court, the emperor in the palace additional Court and palm review supreme court cases reported. Song Shenzong, the abolition of Court and its mandate was placed under the Ministry of Punishments. Local jurisdictions still states (and state have the same level of government, military, prison) and the county executive and management levels. Liao judicial system, the Khitan tribe decided very early on with hereditary prison officials, military chiefs from the barbarians from the Jin and administrative jurisdiction. Khitan state is established, the five books of God Dynasty (920 years) completed the hospital from home razed in order to complete the northern barbarians from the government, and judicial affairs. Liao Taizong and later, follow the Tang system, home supreme court, south of Imperial and other officials, Therefore, its administrative and judicial system is divided into two systems. Liao Sheng Zong period, the initial appointment of Han Chinese in charge of justice, tried to narrow the Khitan and Han differences in the judicial system, to eliminate national barriers. The early payment not specifically the judiciary, military and government at all levels of Executive and administrative jurisdiction. Xizong reform, the judicial system to follow most of the Han system, but with national characteristics. Central Board of Punishments set, supreme court and Imperial and other judicial body, its officials were from the Jurchen, the Han Chinese, as the Khitan people, and act as translators based translation history in order to solve the language problem in the handling of cases. Song is still followed the local system, by the executive and administrative jurisdiction. Chapter twenty-nine cases of Dading (1189), and the brightest setting Tixing Secretary of Justice as the central agency, the charge of judicial affairs. After the Yuan Dynasty unified the whole country, located in the Central Board of Punishments and Imperial, and supreme court to block is the government. Royal Thai setting, it will return the Ministry of Punishments and the jurisdiction of local governments, respectively. Mongols crime, the government tried only by being examined. Judicial Yuan counties and palm, the road is set up under the push in the Explorer House officials, specifically Prison grounds. Ming and Qing dynasties increasingly centralized feudal despotism to strengthen the judicial power more concentrated, perfect. The central set Censorate, Board of Punishments, supreme court, collectively, the Censorate palm picket, Board of Punishments main trial,
air force one low, in charge of supreme court review, a Refutation of the prudent solely criminal authorities. On major cases Ming Jin Yiwei and East and West plants, also holds a wide range of judicial power. Qing Dynasty set up a special order of the trial judiciary over human action, and depth to the minority areas of jurisdiction, the Central Criminal Division of Disaster Management dedicated, responsible for the trial of the case of minorities. Main features of the legal system in Ancient China Ancient Chinese legal system has the following main features: the law out of the imperial power, maintenance of imperial power. The ancient Chinese practice autocratic rule of the monarch slave society Ancient laws will of the emperor individual forms. Although the formulation of laws specific to complete by the courtiers,
air force 1 high, but approval is vested in the emperor, emperors are above the law. In addition to law, the emperor also issued according to need Chao, order, format, style and so on. Combination of etiquette, the theoretical basis of Confucianism. Law in ancient China, Li occupies an important position, Emperor to rule of law, the early Western Han Dynasty general is Since the Han Dynasty Maintain From the enshrined. Bureaucrats,
air force one low nike, aristocrats enjoy legal privilege. From ancient China to maintain the hierarchy of legal proceeding in a variety of privileges given to the bureaucratic elite. Zhou law Wei Law under the Sui, Tang, wears a result of the feudal privileges of the development followed another, performance. After the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and the generation of code are as important to be sure. Dharmas fit and use, under the administration of justice, without independent judicial power the first performance of ancient Chinese legal punishment for the ceremony and use, followed by the formation of all phenomena fit the feudal code. From the Warring States Kui the The compilation of all phenomena fit the form of hybrid, throughout the various dynasties of feudal society. In the feudal autocratic system, the emperor is the supreme ruler, direct control of the judicial power. Entirely attributable to the jurisdiction of the local administrative organs, judicial organs of the central, although a specialized, but its activity is about the emperor, monitoring, administrative organs may also hear cases often can not independently exercise their judicial powers. Feudal society, there is no independent judicial authority, judicial and only the emperor and the emperor controlled by the executive authorities of the client. The administrative and management system of justice in China several millennia. More Atlas Atlas entry Open Category: China,
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