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66927 2009 年 03 月 09 日 12:37 Reading (loading. ..) Comments (0) Category: Personal Diary
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Sino-Russian border issue -
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outside the Northeast, also known outside Manchuria, is outside the Mountains (Stanovoi) south east of the Ussuri River, plus Jiangdong Sixty-four and Sakhalin Tuen total over one million square kilometers land. These places have historically been more than a husband, Shiwei, Blackwater, Jurchen and other tribes and the Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties such as the direct jurisdiction of the regime. By the 19th century, through the unequal treaties, Russia, gradually made this the equivalent of one-ninth of China's land area. -
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Treaty -
The following is a series of China and Russia signed a treaty on the attribution of Manchuria. -
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1689, the Qing with Tsarist Russia signed a treaty on the border - -
Siegel will
Qihe from Heilongjiang tributaries to the outside until the sea Mountains, Lingnan belongs to China, Lingbei belonging to the Russian. Argun is bounded by the West to the south is the Chinese, the North is Russia, the south bank of the Argun River Black Li Leke all premises should be noted that migration in the north; -
Jaxa place belongs to China, the demolition of Jaxa City, Russians move back to Russia border. Orion two persons are not allowed to cross-border, or arrest vindictive. More than ten men to hear the collective cross-border between the two countries must be reported to the emperor, according to the death penalty for the crime; -
set before this all about everything, never give up on. Since the two countries have never set a good date, later a fugitive, the non-admission, and the repatriation system should be armed. -
both sides in the other country's nationals, -
between two people with the text votes (passport), allowing it to border trade; -
and good has been set, the two never Friendship friendship, all the border disputes unsolicited never be repealed, if the adherence to the Charter, since the sky was no dispute. -
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Aihui treaty between China and Russia, Russian Treaty of Beijing -
1858 年 5 months by British and French troops invade Russia in Tianjin, Beijing threat to the occasion, Governor Nicholas Russian Eastern Siberia Lamu warships led by Ravi about her husband approaching vessels in Aihui (now Heihe in Heilongjiang province) to the Qing Dynasty Heilongjiang General Yishan proposed draft treaty prepared by the Russian side, claims that the boundaries of Heilongjiang, if not from Russia to China and the United Kingdom operations. Two representations,
gucci sale, the Russian warships firing blasting, the threat to use force. May 28, Yishan forced to sign Muravev Coercion of this treaty boundary of Heilongjiang in China, Tuen Jiangdong Sixty-four co-managed by the China and Russia, but in 1860 signed the Boxer Rebellion occurred in 1900, while Russia, northeast China's no time to take into account the situation, sent troops to occupy Tuen Jiangdong Sixty-four (below). -
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the eastern section of the Sino-Soviet border agreement
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1919, Lenin led the Soviet Government issued a letter to Chinese nationals and North-South Declaration on the government, Russia abolished all unequal treaties on China, which made to restore the sovereignty of China's foreign Northeast a glimmer of hope. But since coming to power of Stalin, the Soviet Union initially denied before the declaration. 1945 After the war, the ROC government has conducted a Borders announced that in addition Tuen Jiangdong Sixty-four, but has admitted that the Soviet Foreign ownership of the Northeast. -
1991 years, when he was appointed Communist Party General Secretary Jiang Zemin, and the eastern section of the Soviet Union signed the Agreement on Sino-Soviet border, this treaty recognized the rule of the Soviet Union's external Northeast and recognized borders of Heilongjiang is China and Russia. -
the eastern section of the Sino-Soviet border
navigation rights on the provisions of the Agreement are: -
Article VIII:
Article IX: relevant parties on specific issues will be resolved through consultation. Sino-Russian Good-Neighborly Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation
Article VI of the Parties noted with satisfaction that each has no territorial claims. Where two parties are the People's Republic and the Russian Federation. -
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Tangnu Leung Hoi (below in yellow) -
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Tangnu beam Haiyuan is a part of Outer Mongolia, but the legislation in Mongolia before the swallow in 1944. Tangnu beam sea is still a part of Esi Bang was 入西伯利邦 tube. It is in northwestern Mongolia, Siberia south, north, south Tangnu Hill, is located in the mountains of the land surface of 17 square kilometers. -
root material, tiles are currently covering 77% of the population. W a Mongolian people, Ming Wu Liangha people, after the resettlement to Tangnu beam Haiti, who changed tile tile or soil. The other, tile people in a Turkic people, including the tile is recognized in the Turkic rather than Mongol. -
Leung Hoi
Tangnu embezzled by the former after the melon has three parts: E Sibang tile republic, west of tile Republican majority in the republican Ron Artest, and Mongolia the ancient province. However, some things after the beam has a Tangnu traces of the sea, therefore, often referred to Tangnu beam sea floor is Esibangwa republic. -
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History -
1860 年 to 1911, Russia in order to kicked off the sea. -
1912, the tsarist Russia Mongolia enterprises established by the direct swallowing Tangnu beam sea. -
1916 年 12 28, the first time since Russia's busy world, the people given by the Liya Zuo Liang also responsible Tangnu Marine, restored to exercise of sovereignty. -
1918 年 -1919 years, a total of Tsarist Russia was overthrown by the people to send troops to Haiti squat in Czarist Russia Tangnu beam power into the sea again Tangnu beam in the version. -
1920, the Tangnu beam again fall into the hands of the sea. -
1921 年 8 14, the value of the Tangnu Leung Hoi Fu set up a -
1931 years, the Ministry of Civil Union flag as promulgated Law of Mongolia, the fourth reference Tangnu second beam sea. -
1941 years, without notice,
gucci watches, the instructions -
1944 年 10 months,
gucci sunglasses, This official was to swallow. -
1992, the solution, tile republic. Since Ostrava a solution, the last one is still the main Esi Bang, the name -
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commitment in the People's Government has been, in May 1948, Ambassador Fu in the China Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ping-Chang Chiu, Ming Tangnu public land beam sea. In the People's Republic of commitment the Government has officially Republic Ostrava tile soil. But . -
but in addition, some people are still in the republic and even the whole Tangnu W Leung Hoi in Turkey. -
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the northwest -
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refers to the Russian Empire through the Treaty, from the Chinese Qing government made an area at about five million square kilometers of land. Prior to this area is a part of E Late Mongolia, mostly from the Qianlong period of Qing Junggar expedition. -
from Mongolia in the north of this area ten Zuoling Tangnu Wuliang Hai, Wahan corridor south to Afghanistan. Most of these sites post-Soviet Russia no longer is, it belongs to Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and other countries. Almaty, Kazakhstan's largest city located on the northwest range. Vegetarian Sang Park, Alaska Lake Issyk-Kul, Balkhash Lake and other lakes are also located in this region. -
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Sino-Indian border issue
include eastern and western end. -
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East -
eastern India from British rule in India boundary question period. Late Republic of China, the United Kingdom by the occasion of the Chinese civil strife, is zoned This area, southern Tibet, the Chinese call it. After independence in India, China and India to the sovereignty of the region who were unable to reach a consensus. An incident in the early 1960s, the Sino-Indian war. The area was incorporated in 1972 as India's In 1986, the Indian parliament passed legislation Arunachal UTs will be upgraded to a state. In 1987,
gucci sunglasses 2011, India formally announced the formation of Arunachal Pradesh. -
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west -
actual control of China Eastern Ekesaiqin Kashmir region (Xinjiang Hotan County is.) Tibet Highway from this region pass through this region of strategic importance to China. India to China,
gucci heels, paving roads in the region as a pretext to launch the Sino-Indian war. -
addition, according to 1963 government of the PRC and Pakistan, two countries reached , Palestine was placed under the Pakistan-controlled parts of Kashmir (Karakoram Corridor) sovereignty belongs to China. -
two films currently in India-controlled areas of China claims sovereignty over the western part of the Chinese government claimed there is no territorial dispute. -
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Indian War -
causes of conflict -
the border of China and India, about 2,000 kilometers, divided the western, central and eastern segments. By 1951 years ago, the Indian occupation of China successive governments never recognized the In addition, in the middle and western part of India has also occupied part of Chinese territory. In 1959, the Indian Army crossed the line of actual control both the establishment of 43 positions. Chinese Government to resolve the border issue negotiations, without the acceptance of India. The so-called As Britain has done between Pakistan and India the same. -
Chinese point of view -
McMahon Line as the British colonial government imposed on the boundary in southern Tibet. And until 1951, the Indian government has not publicly acknowledged McMahon Line. Therefore, the disputed territory should belong to China. -
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Indian point of view -
1947 after the founding of India, that they have the right to inherit the Chinese territory occupied by British colonists. Therefore, they consider that the southern Tibet belongs to India. -
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course of the war -
1962 年 6 month, the Indian attack to the Chinese border guards opened fire, dozens of people dead and injured Chinese soldiers. October 20 the Chinese army counter-attack, the war began. -
1962 年 October 20 to 28 is the back of the first phase. In the East, China, Tibet, South Tibet border guards temporarily captured the Tawang region; in the western part of Xinjiang, China border guards get rid of the 37 positions of the Indian Army. October 24, the Chinese government issued a statement, made to stop the conflict, re-open negotiations, peaceful settlement of border issues three recommendations. India said it could not accept, in northern India announced -
11 日 至 16 月 21 days the second phase of the Chinese army back. November 14 and 16, the Indian Army again attacked in the Indian border. In the east, Tibet border guards in the East, the western part of the Indian Army to impose counter-attack, to November 21, the Chinese occupation of Tibet, the Indian border guards of 16 positions. In the western part of Xinjiang, China is occupied by Indian border guards in the class base for the public Luoyang region. As the Indian army in the east, southern Tibet, Xinjiang, West failed, the Indian government and U.S. involvement in the proposed requirements, then Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru (Jawaharlal Nehru) agree that the mediation to the United States requires international intervention. November 1962, the United States to intervene and to material assistance from the Indian army. Chinese border guards declared a ceasefire, after the border that is the McMahon Line as the boundary, but this did not quell controversy. -
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War Results -
China: from the McMahon line, retreated 20 kilometers further north. -
India: Indian authorities will be incorporated into the territory of southern Tibet and Tawang. -
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Nansha Islands -
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in the world -
river slope (shown in green) that is located west of Meadow Gaoligongshan Mai Li River and a strip of land between the river, north Chayu County, south to the tip of Myanmar mountains. However, spread of the Internet, said 70,000 square kilometers, in fact,
cheap gucci heels, is close to the north of most of northern Burma (Taiwan version of the map of China, they are included in the territory of China.) Now mostly Kachin State of Myanmar. The so-called
Kachin Mountains, China or dry gate called Savage Mountain Ridge, is located at the junction of Burma and India, stretching thousands of miles (nearly three hundred kilometers is the exact number), so far still mostly untapped mountain forests. Since the Monba living here is that civilization is not accepted, so too is called Savage Mountain.
issue of Sino-Japanese Border
Diaoyu Islands (top right corner of Taiwan)
preowned omega watches -
Hybrid Mode
